Teses e Dissertações
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Item ABIDS-WSN: UM FRAMEWORK DE DETECÇÃO DE INTRUSÃO EM REDES DE SENSORES SEM FIO ORIENTADO POR AGENTES INTELIGENTES.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017-01-26) PIRES, Higo Fellipe Silva; LOPES, Denivaldo Cícero Pavão; 613643713-91; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7611180871627212Lately, there has been a significant advance in several technologies directly or indirectly related to Ubiquitous Computing. Among them, the technology of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be mentioned. Having its space in the current scenario, the use of wireless sensors extends into various branches of human activity: industrial monitoring, smart houses, medical and military applications. However, several shortcomings and limitations in wireless sensors can be noted: limited hardware, energy and computational capacity are points that are always treated by those who work with such devices. As for these devices, there is, besides the factors already mentioned, an important concern regarding their safety. As with other devices, for these threats to be at least mitigated, it is necessary to create layers of security. One of these layers may be formed by Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). However, due to the aforementioned hardware restriction of the sensors, the development of IDSs - as well as any other application - for such devices should assume such characteristics. As for IDSs, there are some aspects that need to be taken into account, especially flexibility, efficiency and adaptability to new situations. A paradigm that facilitates the implementation of such capabilities is the Intelligent Agents. Therefore, this paper describes the proposition of a framework for intrusion detection in WSNs based on intelligent agents.Item UMA ABORDAGEM BASEADA EM ENGENHARIA DIRIGIDA POR MODELOS PARA SUPORTAR O TESTE DE SISTEMAS DE SOFTWARE NA PLATAFORMA DE COMPUTAÇÃO EM NUVEM(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012-12-21) OLIVEIRA, Jéssica Bassani de; LOPES, Denivaldo Cícero Pavão; CPF:61364371391; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7611180871627212; ABDELOUAHAB, Zair; CPF:61438154372; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3277510464047127We present an approach to support the creation of test cases for software systems in cloud computing environments. This approach is based on Model Driven Engineering (MDE). A framework, a methodology and metamodels are proposed to support the generation of test cases. Metamodels for cloud computing environments and transformation definitions are proposed. Two illustrative examples help to understand our approach and the steps to apply it. A prototype implementing the proposed framework is presented and it works together with MT4MDE and SAMT4MDE to generate semi-automatically transformation definitions and contribute to the semiautomatic creation of testing model and test code for cloud computing platforms. We present an evaluation of our approach and compare it with other approaches, detaching main differences, including advantages and disavantages.Item AÇÃO COMUNICATIVA E PARTICIPAÇÃO POPULAR NA FORMAÇÃO E APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE INTERESSES SOCIAIS: uma proposta para a efetividade da participação popular, a partir da atuação do Ministério Público(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017-04-27) ALVES, José Márcio Maia; MATOS, Nelson Juliano Cardoso; 433462603-30; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1109320246353904This work aims to investigate the possibility of institutions witch have responsibility to defend social interests to exercise a mediating role between the political system and civil society in the cycle of formation or improvement of public policies. As an institution of this nature, the Prosecutor's Office will be highlighted in the research from a resolutive erspective of its attributions, in order to investigate whether it is possible to act as a promoter and coordinator of the public sphere in arenas constituted by the institution itself or by others that have, in their functions, the task of defending social interests. The assumption of this work is based on the overcoming of the consciousness paradigm by the language paradigm and it has the communicative action like the tool to reach satisfactory levels of effectiveness of popular participation. The theoretical reference of the work is the Jürgen Habermas’ perception about deliberative democracy, especially based on the theory of communicative action. The research will be part bibliographical, which will be added to a field research to evaluate cuts of some projects of the Prosecutor's Office of Maranhão. First of all, aspects of the constitution of the contemporary and intersubjective public sphere will be approached in which actors that make up a material political representation of society and its interest groups interact between themselves, giving importance to the role of local associativism, new social movements and their networks inside of the process of formation and improvement of public policies of social interests. The text will deal with the phenomenon of popular participation in the face of philosophical paradigms and emphasize the necessary attention with the modalities of speech acts that hatch in the public sphere, so that the results of communicative action are not misrepresented, in order to ensure that collective deliberations in the public spaces of discussion obey the criteria of a democratic proceduralism that intend itself adequated according the Habermas' theory. Establishing the bases for the affirmation of deliberative democracy based on communicative action, reasons will be exposed to believe that the Prosecutor's Office, as an institution dedicated to defending social interests and holding horizontal accountability power, can exercise an important role in mediation between interests of civil society and the administrative system, including the creation of a forum within its institutional functions where the bases of communicative action can be guaranteed and coordinated by its members. The text will also address a way of assessing the effectiveness of the influence and normativity of popular participation before the political system in the cycle of public policy formation. An ideal conformation of the relationship between society and the system will be suggested, so that to guarantee administrative responsiveness between what the former wishes and what the latter offers as social welfare. Some stabilization factors of this ideal conformation will be suggested, which can be activated by the Prosecutor’s Office service. In this sense, the work will make a content analysis in two project cutbacks supported by the Prosecutor’s Office of the State of Maranhão to demonstrate how these stabilizing factors should be promoted and what their limits are. This analysis will be carried out from the data collection of the Prosecutor's Office with the purpose of analyzing the processes in which it will be verified if the means used by the Institution have achieved the goals set forth in the constitution of the cutbacks of the respective projects. The bibliographical research on the theoretical reference of the work and the documentary analysis of data collected at the Prosecutor’s Office of the State of Maranhão will be used as techniques.Item Ação de protease do látex de Ficus benjamina L. sobre nematôdeo e bactérias de interesse na produção animal(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016-12-21) WANDERLEY, Lêdia Feitosa; SOARES, Alexandra Martins dos Santos; 055.002.787-46Helminthes and bacterial infections are a major challenge for livestock production because they cause loss of productivity in herds. To reduce losses, producers control parasites and bacteria mainly using synthetic chemicals, but the resistance to the active principles of these products calls for the continuous search for biologically active molecules. This research was conducted with the objective of obtaining protein fractions and protease from the latex of Ficus benjamina, in addition to evaluating the potential use of these protein samples in the control of the parasite nematode of small ruminants, Haemonchus contortus, as well as on the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter aerogenes. Latex was obtained from an incision made at the apex of the plant limb and collected in sodium phosphate buffer (75 mM, pH 7.0). The latex was centrifuged (12,000 x g at 4 ° C for 15 min), dialysed against water (14 kDa cut-off), again centrifuged under the same conditions as before and then referred to as EPL (Latex Protein Extract). The EPL was fractionated with ammonium sulphate at 30-60% and 60-90% saturation to obtain the fractions denominated F30-60 and F60-90, respectively. F60-90 was fractionated by ion exchange chromatography on CM-Cellulose matrix and the fraction with the highest proteolytic activity obtained was denominated FbP (Ficus benjamina Protease). With these fractions, protein analysis, proteolytic activity and FbP identification were carried out. In addition, inhibition of larval development of the nematode H. contortus and inhibition of the growth of S. enterica, S. aureus and E. aerogenes in a liquid medium were carried out. The total protein levels obtained were, respectively, 121.5, 21.2, 75.7 mg for EPL, F30-60 and F60-90. The proteolytic activity of the protein samples was 43,471, 13,245 and 57,857 UA/mL/mgP for EPL, F30-60 and F60-90, respectively. The FbP presented proteolytic activity of 36,393.8 AU/mL/mgP. Gel analysis showed FbP with a protein band with mass between 20 and 30 kDa and by mass spectrometry the FbP was identified as cysteine protease, with a molecular weight of 23.97 kDa. FbP maintained stable proteolytic activity in the pH range between 6 and 10 and over a wide temperature range, with optimum activity at 60 °C. In tests for inhibition of larval development, EPL, F30-60, F60-90 and FbP presented IC50 of 0.22, 1.38, 0.42 and 0.26 mg/mL, respectively. It was verified that EPL, F30-60 and F60-90 did not exert an inhibitory action on the growth of bacteria, but FbP inhibited the growth of S. aureus and S. enterica with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.12 μg/mL. It is concluded that FbP obtained from latex of F. benjamina has promising biological properties for the development of products that can be used in the control of the gastrointestinal nematode, H. contortus, and the pathogenic bacteria S. aureus and S. enterica.Item AÇÃO PROFILÁTICA DO RANELATO DE ESTRÔNCIO NAS ALTERAÇÕES MORFOLÓGICAS DE OSTEOARTRITE EXPERIMENTAL.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-07-18) CARVALHO, Heetor Campora Oliveira; CARTÁGENES, Maria do Socorro de Sousa; 407.888.653-15; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3013333572719007; GARCIA, João Batista Santos; 135.570.488-02; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0424234103760462; GARCIA, João Batista Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0424234103760462; VIEIRA, Érica de Brandão de Moraes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2265220151524135; VASCONCELOS, José Wanderley; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8606202391209961; GUERRA, Rosane Nassar Meireles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2316192786452127Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease as a result of several and complex mechanisms interacting to cause joint damage. There is no cure for OA, but progression can be controlled. Many drugs can act to decrease manifestations of OA, such as strontium ranelate (RnSr), but its preventive effect on joint injuries has not yet been demonstrated. Aim: To evaluate the prophylactic effect of RnSr in an experimental model of osteoarthritis in rats' knees. Methods: The animals were divided into 3 groups, called Prophylactic, Control and Naïve, with 6 mice each. Prophylactic group received RnSr at the dose of 250 mg/kg orally for 07 days until OA induction; Control group received 0.9% saline solution also orally and for the same period, being submitted to OA induction; and Naïve group had only standard feeding, not submitted to OA induction. Twenty-nine days after OA induction animals were euthanized, knee Xray was performed, knee joint cartilage and synovial membrane were collected. Results: Radiographic images showed the greatest changes in Control group, with statistical significance (p<0.05). Regarding to articular cartilage changes no alteration were found in Naïve group, however, there was a significant change in Control group comparing to Prophylactic group (p<0.05). Synovial membrane was not affected by the treatment, since the results were similar in all groups (p>0.005) In the evaluation of the synovial membrane, no statistical difference was observed between the study groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Results indicate that RnSr is a drug with potential prophylactic effect on OA, decreases changes in the articular cartilage and the degenerative pattern of knee joints.Item Acesso à justiça: a contribuição para a sociedade contemporânea das Serventias Judiciais como alternativa ao Poder Judiciário(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017-05-04) SARDINHA, Cristiano de Lima Vaz; SOUSA, Mônica Teresa Costa; 440.586.403-91It analyzes access to justice as a fundamental right, which is also an essential condition for the realization of the other basic fundamental rights for a dignified human existence. It studies the historical development of the dimensions of fundamental rights and their characteristics in the national legal order. On the other hand, it verifies the restrictions on the effective exercise of access to justice that most compromise this right and jeopardize social harmony. A parallel is made between the philosophical theories of Ihering and Rousseau, in order to demonstrate that access to justice is the legitimate way of fighting for rights. It analyzes the extra-judicial services as an alternative to the effective access to justice, thus, it deals with the history and importance of notary and registry activity within striking civilizations, followed by an approach to the foundations and the principiological base that Legal and notarial law. At that time, it deals with extrajudicial procedures that are carried out by notaries and registrars, who guarantee access to justice and unclog the Judiciary. Methodologically allied with the bibliographic research with the analytical research of data of the report called "justice in numbers" of the National Council of Justice (CNJ). Thus, a qualitative analysis of the data of the report of the year 2016 will be carried out, carried out by the National Council of Justice, which brought for the first time the count of the procedural duration, demonstrating the average time it takes to complete a lawsuit Different judicial bodies, and also verified the percentage of conciliations that were carried out in the Judiciary. In this way, it will be possible to critically and constructively analyze the theory presented with the reality of access to justice in Brazil.Item AS AÇÕES EDUCATIVAS NA CASA-ABRIGO PARA MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA EM SÃO LUÍS-MA(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2011-01-14) Albuquerque, Zeila Sousa de; MOTTA, Diomar das Graças; CPF:00137006349; Paredes, José Bolívar Burbano; CPF:61742503349Dans cette étude, on fait une analyse des pratiques pédagogiques développées par les professionnelles qui s‟occupent de la maison-abri‟ des femmes en situation de violence avec leurs enfants à São Luís-MA. On a recherché les registres d‟investigation sur la violence et violence contre la femme. Parmis eux on a détaché quelques études réalisées par Arendt (1993), Bourdieu (2003), Chauí (1985), Rocha (2007) et Saffioti (2004). À propos des éléments composants des actions éducatives : Freire (2005), Gohn (1999), Libâneo (2005), d‟entre autres. Les objectifs de cette étude : faire une investigation touchant les actions éducatives développées par l‟équipe multidisciplinaire, qui agit dans l‟abri ; analyser les informations et stratégies d‟envisagement sur les situations et besoins de l‟attention des femmes et enfants en situation de violence ; vérifier dans les actions éducatives l‟existence de formes de déconstruction des relations violentes et de réinsertion de la femme et ses enfants dans la vie en société, libres, le minimum possible, des séquelles des violences subies. Pour approfondir ces questions, on a considéré théoriquement les catégories suivantes : genre, violence de genre, violence contre la femme, mouvement féministe, politiques publiques et maisons-abris‟. Et aussi éducation formelle, éducation informelle et éducation non-formelle. Pour obtenir les informations relatives à la maison, on a utilisé les fondements de la recherche qualitative, une fois qu‟on a cherché à apprendre, de façon plus large, comment ils pensent et agissent les fonctionnaires de la maison-abri pour les femmes en situation de violence. Les informations obtenues dans la réalité pour la confrontation avec la référence théorique ont été cueillies à travers les interviews semi-structurées. L‟échantillon a été constitué par les fonctionnaires de la maison qui font le travail multidisciplinaire. Les femmes n‟ont pas été écoutées, vu le petit temps passé dans l‟institution, moins de quatre-vingt-dix jours, d´après le terme de référence des maisons-abris. De cette façon, dans les circonstances des rapports obtenus dans les interviews, cette étude conclut qu'il existe un besoin pour une évaluation de la Maison, à nous faire avancer sur la conception méthodologique. En ce sens il est vrai de dire que l'éducation dans une perspective de genre doit être planifié et coordonné avec toute l'équipe multidisciplinaire.Item Aconteceu no Maranhão: os reflexos da ditadura militar na cultura maranhense analisados a partir da obra poética de César Teixeira(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-08-26) SOUSA, Danielle de Assunção Pereira; OLIVEIRA, Fernanda Areias de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8726813473492947; OLIVEIRA, Fernanda Areias de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8726813473492947; PEREIRA, Ariel Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0849404985459470; ZORZAL, Ricieri Carlini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3267683322470733El presente trabajo propone investigar los reflejos del régimen militar, vivido en Maranhão en las variadas esferas de la sociedad. La investigación se basa en la producción musical del compositor César Teixeira de Maranhão. Se pretende resaltar en su obra, las canciones que muestran toda la persecución, tortura y violencia y violación a los derechos humanos que sufrieron quienes no se alinearon con el sistema. El análisis de los versos comprometidos se basa en los postulados teóricos del Análisis del Discurso Francés, que permite comprender las construcciones ideológicas que impregnan su discurso, haciéndolo más que una construcción lingüística, pero estableciendo los vínculos entre su creación y la social. El contexto en el que se produjo el texto también tendrá como ayuda metodológica las pautas de la Historia Oral, que se guía por el discurso de los individuos insertados socialmente en ese momento.Item Administração pública e a arbitragem. Apreciação acerca da efetividade da referida técnica: estudo comparado entre o Estado do Maranhão e os Estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2019-07-05) FALCÃO, Aileen Raphysa Sauaia; BONATO, Giovanni; 017863683-58; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7335452618377036; BONATO, Giovanni; 017863683-58; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7335452618377036; ZUFELATO, Camilo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7335452618377036; RAMOS NETO, Newton Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2399244462327090The present dissertation proposes to draw a comparative study on Arbitration, an appropriate means of dispute resolution, in the cases involving Public Administration in the States of Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Maranhão. Arbitration is nowadays a technique with great visibility in the Brazilian scenario, due to its regulation by Law 9.307 / 96 and subsequent modifications, among which, expressly allows the Public Administration to resolve the conflicts, in the which they appear as part, through arbitration. The perspective faced goes through the conception of effectiveness, in order to verify, from the criteria of economics, speed and specialization, its meanderings in the Brazilian states under study. With this purpose, information and data will be handled, based on a thorough bibliographical and documentary research on the subject.Item ADOLESCÊNCIA NORMAL?: um estudo acerca do submetimento à função paterna(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2015-06-26) GOMES, Alyssandra Vieira Costa; CARVALHO, Isalena Santos; 752606623-34; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447732151434624Adolescence is a recent phenomenon that starts to take its social place on the XIX century. Even though it didn’t receive proper theoretical evidence in Psychoanalysis, adolescence makes itself present in Freudian and Lacanian texts. Freud, in his classical work “Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality”, dedicates one of the essays to the changes that take place in puberty. Adolescence coincides with puberty, so we can notice that this moment is not an easy one and specially not one easy to go through. Changes occur: on the body, on the way of thinking and acting and also in the position one occupied before. The main goal of this paper was to discuss how the submission to the paternal function makes a “normal” adolescence possible, based on the analysis of the movie “Before the World Ends”. As resulting branches of the proposal of the movie analysis, the research tried to identify in its specific objectives the following aspects: theoretical considerations by Sigmund Freud on the Oedipus complex and castration and, by Lacan, on the paternal function. In order to do so, a bibliographic research was performed based on Freud’s indications about the psychoanalytical method, which has as specificity the unconscious overdetermination and, consequently, its inapprehensible character. This paper presents Freudian notions of infantile sexuality, of the Oedipus complex and of the genital phallic organization as well as the subjective implications of these issues to the adolescent. The paper also present contributions by Jacques Lacan, based of Freud’s work, on the paternal metaphor, the three “times” – that is to say the three moments – of the Oedipus complex and how they reflect on a “normal” adolescence. In what concerns the discussion of the movie, the following sequence was privileged when presenting the material: from the scene where Daniel receives the first letter by his biological father – of whom he hadn’t known before – to the moment when he receives an invitation to go and meet him. We highlight how adolescence is permeated by contradictions, difficulties, joys, conquest and losses. Based on the discussion, we indicate that the paternal function is not exclusively referred to the real existence of a father, but on the symbolic marks left by him who, as pointed Lacan, is in the center of the Oedipus question. In the movie, the character Daniel starts to dress himself with photographer’s clothes just like his father. From there, if the father cannot give answers to his questions, it’s through the identification that Daniel will build his own answers. The paternal function makes it possible for the adolescent to go from adolescence to a different time, this one being a subjective time, related to the responsibility to his own desire.Item A AGRESSÃO COMO FORMA DE DESENGAJAMENTO MORAL NO TRÂNSITO DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO LUÍS DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2019-03-29) OLIVEIRA, Suzana Maria de; AMORIM, Wellington Lima; 025.363.687-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8435602742904295; AMORIM, Wellington Lima; 025.363.687-69; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8435602742904295; CARVALHO, Cristianne Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5714971389284118; ZANATTA, Deisi Luzia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8512863768673611The main objective of this dissertation was as follows: the notion of a public transit space and the streets of a metropolis, in this case, the capital of São Luis do Maranhão, based on the moral disengagement theory of Albert Bandura (2015; 2008). The aforementioned theory is one of the basic constructs of the Cognitive Social Theory formulated by Canadian psychologist Bandura, neither an ignored person nor the moral parameters themselves in order to act reproachfully through a set of eight justifying psychosocial mechanisms, regardless of the social context, an example of the aggression resulting from a collision between two vehicles. In addition, action may be a risk factor for social change, social repercussions can result in homicide from, for example, driving behind-the-scenes, which justifies its study. This is a bibliographical research in Psychology of descriptive characteristics, with interdisciplinary characteristics by complementing knowledge in Social Sciences, by authors such as Roberto DaMatta (2010; 1997), Georg Simmel (2006; 1976) and Norbert Elias (1994; 1993). The approach thus adopted is interdisciplinary to better understand reality in view of the interest in the study of a complex discipline that exceeds the scope of a discipline or specialty. The choice for the interdisciplinary approach also led to an emphasis on the interactionist perspective on morality. A study of this dissertation is currently showing studies pointing, directly or indirectly, to the phenomenon of aggression human in the traffic, with a view intervention projects, particularly in the metropolises. It was concluded that aggression is multifactorial, however, as Bandura Theoretic constructions present subsidies for a better understanding of the phenomenon in question.Item Agronegócio versus agricultura familiar: a dinâmica da ocupação do espaço no município de Chapadinha/MA, a partir dos anos de 1990(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-03-23) FEITOZA, Ilnar Fernandes; SILVA, José de Ribamar Sá; 250.935.093-53; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0418404538115970; BOTELHO, Raimundo Edson Pinto; MESQUITA, Benjamin AlvinoThis dissertation analyzes the occupation of space in the municipality of Chapadinha, from the 1990s, with the objective of investigating the impacts caused by the advance of agribusiness on family agriculture, in the logic of capitalist expansion to the countryside. Initially the theoretical and methodological references are explained, in which the theories about the advance of capitalism for agriculture are highlighted, being the first as general discussion of the classic authors and the last, as a contextualized discussion in the Brazilian reality. From the indicated references, we analyze the bases of the expansion of capitalism for agriculture and the dynamics of the advance, especially in Brazilian agriculture, in the current neoliberal phase of capitalism, as well as the State's performance in this process. Then, taking the municipality of Chapadinha in the state of Maranhão as an empirical reference, the impacts of the advance of capitalism to the countryside are clarified by means of public incentives that corroborated the expansion of monocultures in Maranhão. Following, the main socioeconomic indicators of Brazil, Maranhão and Chapadinha, 1991, 2000 and 2010, and the participation of the agricultural sector are analyzed. Finally, the impact of the expansion of soybean and eucalyptus monocultures in Chapadinha / MA, as well as the social and economic impacts for those who depend on small spaces to produce, are discussed. Based on the surveys, it was concluded that the expansion of monocultures to Chapadinha has had considerable negative impacts on small-scale agriculture, as well as a combination of social, economic and environmental damage to the residents and the village ecosystem. It is concluded that in Chapadinha, agribusiness advances by taking over the spaces, compressing family farming and the old ways of producing and living of small producers.Item ALGORITMO RECURSIVO BASEADO EM UMA FUNÇÃO NÃO QUADRÁTICA USANDO KERNEL(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2014-02-28) Nogueira, Aleksandro Costa; Fonseca Neto, João Viana da; CPF:2199749048; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0029055473709795; SANTANA, Ewaldo Eder Carvalho; CPF:24267341320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0660692009750374; Barros Filho, Allan Kardek Duailibe; CPF:34022589353; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0492330410079141This work has the objective to develop an analytical model that makes prediction of the behavior of the algorithm as a function of the design parameters (step adaptation, kernel function and its parameters).We use a non-quadratic function based on kernel, performing a nonlinear transformation of the input space filtering applied on line. Was developed and implemented in the system for adaptive filtering based on Kernel, which provides an analysis of the behavior of KRLS algorithm as well as its properties of convergence. It applies a kernel function in the cost function from the non-recursive quadratic function of an even power, which minimizes the error, defined as the expectation of the cumulative cost of actions taken along a sequence of steps. It appears that this approach allows the determination of the parameters of the problem with greater reliability and robustness and lower cost compared with traditional algorithms (RLS, KRLS, RNQ) .Item Alguns resultados exatos a Temperatura Finita da Eletrodinâmica CPT-par do Modelo Padrão Estendido(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2010-04-30) Silva, Madson Rubem Oliveira; CASANA SIFUENTES, Rodolfo Alván; CPF:05159396764; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6508618435773438Maxwell s electrodynamics is a field theory which contains in its structure three fundamental physical symmetries: The Lorentz symmetry, the CPT-symmetry and the local gauge symmetry. The Lorentz covariance and the CPT-symmetry are fundamental in the construction of any field theory describing elementary (or not elementary) particles. Both together with the local gauge symmetry are the cornerstones in the construction of the Standard Model and of others modern field theories. However, it is cogitate that as much the Lorentz covariance as the CPT-symmetry can be spontaneously broken at Planck energy scale (or in the very early Universe when energies are close to the Planck scale) due to quantum gravity effects. The possible residual effects of such spontaneous symmetry breaking are studied within the structure of the Standard Model Extension (SME). The U(1)-local gauge symmetry sector of the SME describes the effects produced in Maxwell s electrodynamics due to the Lorentz-covariance violation and the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the CPT-invariance. Here, we study the finite temperature properties of the CPT-even electrodynamics of SME, represented by the term (kF )ανρφFανFρφ. First, we construct a well-defined and gauge invariant partition function in the functional integration formalism for an arbitrary tensor (kF ). Then, we specialize for the leading-order-nonbirefringent coefficients of the tensor (kF ) and we study in separate the parityeven and the parity-odd sectors. Consequently, for both sectors, the partition function is exactly caculated by showing that it is a power of Maxwell s partition function. Such power is an explicit function of the respective parameters ruling the Lorentz-covariance violation. This way, Planck s radiation law retains its frequency dependence and the Stefan-Boltzmann law is maintained, except for a change in Stefan-Boltzmann s constant that is multiplied by a global factor containing all the LIV contributions. Nevertheless, in general, it is observed that the LIV coefficients induce an anisotropy in the angular distribution of the black body energy density.Item ALOCAÇÃO ÓTIMA DE CAPACITORES EM SISTEMAS DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO RADIAL, UTILIZANDO-SE ESTRATÉGIAS EVOLUTIVAS(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2002-05-29) Petinelli, Airton Egydio; SAAVEDRA MENDEZ, Osvaldo Ronald; CPF:10813804892; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6400934417933768Static reactive power sources, such as shunt capacitors, have been commonly used to provide reactive compensation in distribution systems, minimizing losses and keeping voltage levels within operational limits. Heuristic algorithms for capacitor placement have been proposed in several works. However, the majority of these approaches converge to a local solution. This dissertation presents a hierarchical evolution strategy-based approach for solving the optimal reactive sources placement in radial distribution systems. The approach is based on the (m+l)-EE paradigm, improved by mutations control and by two types of mutations: the classical Gaussian mutation and the Cauchy-based mutation. Discrete standard capacitor values with non-linear cost are considered. Constraints such as the maximum number of parallel banks and installations cost are included. Validation tests have been performed using a real industrial feeder.Item Análise da adição de resíduos de ossos bovinos e rochas ornamentais em massa cerâmica branca para a utilização em processos de conformação(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2015-04-28) Guimarães, Karoline de Lourdes Monteiro; SANTOS, Denilson Moreira; 431.930.053-04The disposal of solid waste is seen as an environmental problem. A solution presented by the National Plan for Solid Waste the reuse of waste in new production processes, proposal worked in this paper.The use can also be seen as a technological solution because adds functional and aesthetics characteristics of the products. The cattle bones and the fine of ornamental rocks have phtsio-chemical characteristics, which can be incorporated into other materials as in ceramic production. In this paper, hite ceramic compositions were developed with waste additions of bones and rocks which were analyzed in two steps: the first consisted of a quantitative analysis of technological properties such as water absorption, porosity, density, loss to fire, linear shrinkage and the modulus of rupture in bending; and the econd were an qualitative evaluation of the visual appearance of the material. The percentages of the best performing were used in products, for pressing and bonding the slip process, to a new visual analysis. The results show that the compositions of 30%, 35% e 55% of cattle bones and 30%, 35% e 40% of fine of ornamental rocks showed the best results. Furthermore, the material presented a great visual performance in the application of products – like coatings and utilities - by pressing and onding the slip.Item Análise da Confiabilidade em Redes de Distribuição Radiais: Reconfiguração e Alocação de Geração Distribuída(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2006-03-10) Coelho Neto, Agnelo; SILVA, Maria da Guia da; CPF:09837418400; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5175196133230969The distribution utilities must satisfy two concurrent objectives during planning process of the electric network: minimization of the investment cost and the satisfaction of reliability targets. An alternative to satisfy these objectives is to include low cost alternatives in the planning process. One of these alternatives is the reconfiguration of the distribution network. The reconfiguration of the distribution network can reduce the loss and balance the loads in the system only with opening and closing of switches without additional investment cost. In addition to reconfiguration, another alternative of low cost is the Distributed Generation (DG) allocation. This alternative became feasible due to the recent technological advances in the building of turbines that reduced significantly the costs of energy generation. In this way, the DG is a attractive option to satisfy the demand growth and minimize the costs associated with: building of new substations, feeder reconductoring and transformer upgrading. Consequently, is opportune to develop methodologies that include the reconfiguration and the DG in the planning of the distribution network. This dissertation presents the development of two methodologies for the planning of distribution networks: reconfiguration and optimal allocation of DG. The first part of the dissertation presents the development of the methodology for the network reconfiguration. Usually, the reconfiguration is carried out with the following objectives: minimization of the electric losses, voltage profile correction and load balancing between feeders. In this dissertation, in addition to these objectives, reliability constraints have been included in the reconfiguration methodology. This methodology is based on the combination of the following techniques: power flow algorithm, based on the Power Summation Method, to estimate the state of the network; analytic techniques to estimate the reliability indices and Tabu Search to identify the optimal topology. The second part of the research work presents the development of the methodology for the allocation of DG. This methodology has as objective to attend a forecasted demand level without violating operational constraints of the network (feeders loading and voltage drops) and minimizing the interruption costs through the DG allocation. These objectives are satisfied minimizing the cost/worth ratio between the installation/operation costs of DG and the costs associated with: interruptions, noncommercialized, energy purchases and electric losses. The minimization of the cost/worth ratio described above has been carried out by combining the following techniques: analytic approaches to estimate the impact of DG in the reliability indices, load flow algorithm to estimate the losses and violations in the operational constraints and genetic algorithms to maximize the cost worth ratio. The impact of the DG in the reliability indices has been considered including network constraints (voltage drop and feeder loading) in the predictive reliability model. The models and techniques proposed in this dissertation for the reconfiguration and DG allocation have been validated and applied in two large scale substations belonging to distribution network of the Electricity Utility of Maranhão - CEMAR. The results obtained with the algorithm of reconfiguration demonstrated that the proposed methodology was capable of reducing the losses in the feeders without deteriorating the reliability. Furthermore, the application of the methodology of DG allocation in the test system resulted in a cost/worth ratio lower than one.Item Análise da distribuição espacial de beribéri e de síndrome respiratória aguda grave por covid-19(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2023-05-09) MAXIMINO, Flávio Donalwan Sá; CASTELO BRANCO, Maria dos Remédios Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5449951869928014; CASTELO BRANCO, Maria dos Remédios Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5449951869928014; MEDEIROS, Maria Nilza Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2755510184384522; FROTA, Maria Tereza Borges Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6922517649206885; FRANÇA, Ana Karina Teixeira Da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8389486900285691; SOUZA, Bruno Feres de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4112635495117258Introduction: The location and distribution of diseases are fundamental in the epidemiological context of a society. Spatial analysis makes it possible to study geographic and spatial patterns of health and disease, assessing the relationships between spatial data and health. Objective: To discuss the importance of spatial distribution analysis as a health surveillance tool for neglected diseases and severe acute respiratory syndromes (SARIs). Method: This is a descriptive study, which addresses the analysis of the spatial distribution for two diseases: beriberi and SARS due to COVID-19. The first article is an ecological study with spatial distribution analysis, based on three databases: HORUS System (thiamine distribution); Ministry of Health (cases of beriberi) and Mortality Information System (deaths due to beriberi), from 2014 to 2020, in all federative units of Brazil. The second article is a descriptive study of SARS lethality rates by COVID-19 by municipality of notification and residence in Maranhão, based on records in the Information System for Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza (SIVEP-Gripe), by municipalities of notification and of residence, from March 2020 to December 2022. Results: In the first study, 542 cases and 177 deaths from beriberi were recorded. Roraima and Tocantins registered the majority of cases (518; 95.5%), especially in the indigenous population (269; 49.6%). Cases predominated in men (405; 74.7%), rural areas (335; 61.8%) and with alcohol consumption (359; 66.2%). Deaths were more frequent in the white race/color (85; 48.0%), in São Paulo (36; 20.3%) and Minas Gerais (28; 15.8%). Indigenous establishments received a low quantity of thiamine tablets (1,381,141; 3.8%). In the second study, on SARS lethality due to COVID-19, 3,617 deaths were reported in 2020, 5,288 in 2021 and 588 in 2022. The lethality rate in the period was 39.1%, 45.3% in 2020; 36.4% in 2021; and 33.3% in 2022. The lethality rate by municipality of notification and residence was equal to 100% in 18 (8.2%) and five (2.3%) municipalities, respectively. 106 municipalities (48.8%) did not notify cases, while 129 municipalities (59.4%) did not register deaths. Conclusion: Beriberi is a neglected disease and is present in all regions, especially in poor, vulnerable areas with an indigenous population. Most cases are related to men, in rural areas, with alcohol consumption. Differences were found between lethality rates by municipality of hospitalization and municipality of residence. The data suggest that there are underreporting/underreporting of cases and deaths in SIVEP-Flu, changing SARS lethality rates due to COVID-19.Item Análise da eficiência energética de um sistema automatizado de controle de iluminação e condicionadores de ar implantado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Maranhão – IFMA – Campus Monte Castelo(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-12-21) COSTA, George Igor Cabral da; VASCONCELOS, Jomar Sales; 343594514-15; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458150552186561; VASCONCELOS, Jomar Sales; 343594514-15; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458150552186561; SINFRÔNIO, Francisco Sávio Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5984945942545807; CORREA, Ronaldo Ribeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1186761391389612This work analyzed the electric energy consumption of the Automation Pilot Project for the control of the activation and shutdown of the lighting and air conditioners, installed in the rooms of the Technical Course in Occupational Safety of the IFMA Campus Monte Castelo; as well as, to measure the reduction of the waste of electric energy in the hours in which they are not taking classes, by comparing the energy consumption with and without the automated control system in operation. From this comparison, the energy efficiency of the control system was verified, as well as the quality of the electric power offered to the air conditioner and if the quality of the energy influences the increase of the consumption of the circuit. It was verified through the measurements that the quality of the energy offered to the room air conditioner's power circuit is within the standards required by the standard, not influencing the increase of the energy consumption. It was verified by the measurements that the energy consumption is less with the use of the automated system of control than with the manual system of activation and shutdown of illumination and air conditioner. In addition, it was concluded that, with the percentage of reduction of energy wastage obtained with the automated system of control of illumination and air conditioners in IFMA classrooms, it justifies the expenses with its implantation, besides showing that the automation of the control processes is a viable alternative for the reduction of the consumption of electric energy, and, consequently, contributing in the reduction of the environmental impacts provoked by the processes of generation of electric energy.Item ANÁLISE DA EXPRESSÃO DOS RECEPTORES DA SOMATOSTATINA (SST1-5) E DA DOPAMINA (DR2) EM ADENOMAS HIPOFISÁRIOS(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012-03-12) Nunes, Bruno de Almeida; Faria, Manuel dos Santos; CPF:33207194753; MESQUITA, Emygdia Rosa do Rego Barros Pires Leal; CPF:33301018300; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0374728351065012Pituitary tumors represent 15% of intracranial neoplasms and are usually benign. The treatment primary is surgical resection with exception for prolactinomas because dopamine agonists are very effective in the treatment these tumors. If surgery does not lead to healing, it is necessary other therapeutic strategy in a attempt to control hormone levels and tumor size reduction. The radiotherapy and medical treatment with somatostatin analogs and agonist dopamine are often used. The study aimed to analyze the presence, distribution and frequency of somatostatin receptor and dopamine receptor (DR2) in pituitary adenomas, and compared their mRNA expression and protein expression. We studied 38 patients with pituitary adenomas. The GH-secreting adenomas showed immunoreactivity more frequent SST2 and SST3 present in 100% of the tumors followed SST5, SST4 and SST1 respectively. Clinically nonfunctioning adenomas SST3 receptor was most widely distributed, present in 13 of 14 tumors followed SST2, SST4, SST1 and SST5 respectively. The mRNA expression of SST2 and SST5 receptor was present in all pituitary adenomas with higher expression of SST2. The DR2 receptor was present and 85% of samples analyzed. In conclusion, the high expression of SST2 in somatotropinomas support the possibility of the use of octreotide as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of acromegalic patients. Patients with clinically nonfunctioning adenomas showed expression of somatostatin receptor and dopamine which indicates the possibility of treating these patients with the somatostatin analogues and / or dopamine agonists.