Análise da distribuição espacial de beribéri e de síndrome respiratória aguda grave por covid-19
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Data
2023-05-09
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Universidade Federal do Maranhão
Resumo
Introduction: The location and distribution of diseases are fundamental in the
epidemiological context of a society. Spatial analysis makes it possible to study
geographic and spatial patterns of health and disease, assessing the relationships
between spatial data and health. Objective: To discuss the importance of spatial
distribution analysis as a health surveillance tool for neglected diseases and severe
acute respiratory syndromes (SARIs). Method: This is a descriptive study, which
addresses the analysis of the spatial distribution for two diseases: beriberi and SARS
due to COVID-19. The first article is an ecological study with spatial distribution
analysis, based on three databases: HORUS System (thiamine distribution); Ministry
of Health (cases of beriberi) and Mortality Information System (deaths due to beriberi),
from 2014 to 2020, in all federative units of Brazil. The second article is a descriptive
study of SARS lethality rates by COVID-19 by municipality of notification and residence
in Maranhão, based on records in the Information System for Epidemiological
Surveillance of Influenza (SIVEP-Gripe), by municipalities of notification and of
residence, from March 2020 to December 2022. Results: In the first study, 542 cases
and 177 deaths from beriberi were recorded. Roraima and Tocantins registered the
majority of cases (518; 95.5%), especially in the indigenous population (269; 49.6%).
Cases predominated in men (405; 74.7%), rural areas (335; 61.8%) and with alcohol
consumption (359; 66.2%). Deaths were more frequent in the white race/color (85;
48.0%), in São Paulo (36; 20.3%) and Minas Gerais (28; 15.8%). Indigenous
establishments received a low quantity of thiamine tablets (1,381,141; 3.8%). In the
second study, on SARS lethality due to COVID-19, 3,617 deaths were reported in
2020, 5,288 in 2021 and 588 in 2022. The lethality rate in the period was 39.1%, 45.3%
in 2020; 36.4% in 2021; and 33.3% in 2022. The lethality rate by municipality of
notification and residence was equal to 100% in 18 (8.2%) and five (2.3%)
municipalities, respectively. 106 municipalities (48.8%) did not notify cases, while 129
municipalities (59.4%) did not register deaths. Conclusion: Beriberi is a neglected
disease and is present in all regions, especially in poor, vulnerable areas with an
indigenous population. Most cases are related to men, in rural areas, with alcohol
consumption. Differences were found between lethality rates by municipality of
hospitalization and municipality of residence. The data suggest that there are
underreporting/underreporting of cases and deaths in SIVEP-Flu, changing SARS
lethality rates due to COVID-19.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
análise espacial;, beribéri;, vigilância em saúde pública;, pobreza;, covid-19;, Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG);, letalidade;, spatial analysis;, beriberi;, public health surveillance;, poverty;, coivd-19;, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS);, lethality.
Citação
MAXIMINO, Flávio Donalwan Sá. Análise da distribuição espacial de beribéri e de síndrome respiratória aguda grave por covid-19. 2023. 153 f. Tese (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva/CCBS) - Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 2023.