DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CULTURA E SOCIEDADE (PGCULT) MESTRADO INTERDISCIPLINAR
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Item Cantinho da saudade: experiência museológica comunitária das mulheres ceramistas de Itamatatiua, em Alcântara, Maranhão(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2023-04-27) LOGRADO, Yuri Sampaio Capellato; BANDEIRA, Arkley Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3764150553908789; BANDEIRA, Arkley Marques Bandeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3764150553908789; CUTRIM, Kláutenys Dellene Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; FAGUNDES, Marcelo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8995380304167773This work investigates the role of museological concepts and practices in the construction of narratives, highlighting their influence in the perpetuation of colonialist biases or in the affirmation of other epistemologies. The study focuses on the memory initiative called Cantinho da Saudade, located in the quilombola community of Itamatatiua, in Alcântara, Maranhão, and explores the possibility of developing a museum project to expand the initiative of the potters. The methodology used included the interdisciplinary action-research method, covering a stage of information and field survey through experiences in Itamatatiua. The first stage consisted of a bibliographic review of approaches and perspectives on quilombo, decolonial theory and museums. In the field stage, information was collected from the potters through semi-structured and recorded interviews and conversation circles. The study was based on a respectful and ethical approach to research in traditional communities, based on the principles of reciprocity and feedback, aiming at sharing knowledge. The research analyzes public policies related to the theme, such as memory points. The dissertation highlights the importance of community museological processes for the expansion of discourses present in traditional museological institutions. Through the example of Cantinho da Saudade, it is demonstrated that collective memory informs and builds new perspectives of access to the world, more comprehensive and less totalizing. The work also contributes to debates on the impact of community memory processes on the decolonization of museums, opening space for more inclusive and democratic forms of identity representation that affirm citizenship and strengthen social transformation. In short, the work proposes an interdisciplinary approach to understand the relationships between quilombo, decolonial theory and museums, and seeks to establish a collaborative and participatory proposal for the creation of the Quilombola Museum of Itamatatiua, valuing the community's cultural heritage and guaranteeing its right to a dignified life and the territory. The survey results revealed a strong community role, including the maintenance and organization of collective spaces. At the same time, they indicate a constant resistance to the preservation of local memory, threatened by colonial discourses and practices that have been perpetuated over time.Item Antropologia cultural e política em Rousseau: o estatuto anti-etnocêntrico na Carta a d’Alembert sobre os espetáculos(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2023-04-28) SILVA, Irlene Veruska Batista da; FAÇANHA, Luciano da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7318884096236926; FAÇANHA, Luciano da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7318884096236926; SILVA, Cacilda Bonfim e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2584797486455233; OLIVEIRA, Ana Caroline Amorim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6279006668275644The aim of the present dissertation is to investigate Jean-Jacques Rousseau's (1712- 1778) critique of French ethnocentrism based on the work Letter to M. d'Alembert on Spectacles (1758) – henceforth Letter. The Letter was born in response to an entry called Geneva written in the Encyclopedia by the philosopher Jean le Rond d'Alembert (1717-1783). In Geneva, d'Alembert extolled the qualities of theatre and suggested opening a company of comedians in the city of the same name. In terms of methodological perspective, we propose to look at Rousseau's work from the interpretation of Claude Lévi-Strauss (1908-2009), as well as from the teachings offered by Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002). We think that the levistraussian perspective – initiated in the text Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Founder of the Sciences of Man (1962) – helps us to reflect on the hypothetical possibility of an anti-ethnocentric status in the work of the Genevan. Through the lens of Bourdieu (2007), his concepts – symbolic capital, trajectory – allow the observation of the insertion of the citizen of Geneva in the fields (music, philosophy, inter alia) from the positions he takes in the concrete disputes facing “abstract” issues (Moral, Inequality, among others). One of the main results that our research allows us to point out is that in the Letter the verification of the diversity of peoples should print and correspond to a multiplicity of spectacles; the particularity of each people clashes with the Enlightenment perspective of universalization of a model of man and civilization – notably, Europeans; and represents an intellectual break with the philosophes of the Enlightenment, specifically with Denis Diderot (1713-1784) and François-Marie Arouet, known as Voltaire (1694- 1778).Item Metodologia analítica inov-ativa: o uso da mineração de dados na avaliação do interesse do aluno e seus efeitos em um curso MOOC(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2023-03-15) PAIVA, Juan Magalhães; RODRIGUES, Sannya Fernanda Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638131664583072; BOTTENTUT JUNIOR, João Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4828197220419425; WUNSCH, Luana Priscila; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0587330097059471; RODRIGUES, Sannya Fernanda Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638131664583072This study aims understanding how data mining, being an innovative analytical methodology, can be used to promote pedagogical strategies in order to minimize evasion and provide permanency on students enrolled in a MOOC (Massive Online Open Course), based on their initial interests. An observational case study is applied by adopting a qualitative methodological approach of an exploratory and descriptive nature to collect data and analyze the event under study of a MOOC course offered by UNA-SUS/UFMA, entitled: Health care for women with disabilities. A total of 289 applicants were analyzed during the course's 6- month offer. The results indicated that the engagement and behavior pattern of the course participants may be associated with their interests and introductory motives, as well as discussing the personalized strategic interventions that were carried out to promote performance in the formative trajectory. It is believed that the research will contribute to the re-signification of pedagogical strategies as well as offering new reflections regarding to evasion and statistical data that influence the success of a MOOC, as well as, in a socioeducational context.Item Regularização fundiária e proteção dos direitos de quilombos: Análise da legislação e prática de territorialização de comunidades tradicionais no Maranhão(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2023-01-25) FORMIGA, Daniel Henrique Dias; SOUSA, Mônica Teresa Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2651036312847509; SOUSA, Mônica Teresa Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2651036312847509; BANDEIRA, Arkley Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3764150553908789; PEREIRA, Paulo Fernando Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1298845944444301Guaranteed access by quilombola communities to the land they traditionally need to reproduce their ways of life is one of the most relevant factors for maintaining their identities, although this right was only incorporated into the Brazilian legal system with the advent of the Federal Constitution. of 1988, nationwide, and with the Maranhão Constitution of 1989, locally. In this context, the present research aims to analyze the adequacy of the legal and administrative instruments used by the Public Administration of Maranhão, through ITERMA, for the concretion of the territorial rights of the traditional quilombola peoples in the state. The work takes the following line: it begins with the definition of the object of protection, highlighting the importance of territories in the formation of the identity of quilombos, as well as the devices of Brazilian and international law that deal with the matter, especially with the elucidation of the different approaches in each of the spheres; it then proceeds with a description of the procedures for the territorialization of quilombo lands, drawing parallels between the experience at the federal level and the model constructed for the Maranhão scenario; finally, the adequacy of the territorialization instruments used by the State of Maranhão is examined in relation to the legal guidelines and the central elements of the culture of the quilombola peoples, both in the abstract and in the concrete application to the case of the Quilombola Territory Sesmaria dos Jardins. The research used the dialectical method, through a bibliographical review of published works on the themes addressed and the case study of an administrative process conducted under the current state norms of Maranhão, with the objective of understanding the relationships, connections and adaptations between the culture of the communities quilombolas and the norms created to materialize their rights.Item Áreas subutilizadas na Ilhinha, São Luís-Maranhão: a requalificação por meio da Permacultura, como alternativa de sustentabilidade ambiental(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-07-22) COSTA, Ariana Kelly Martins; FEITOSA, Antonio Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4947538265856976; FEITOSA, Antonio Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4947538265856976; CUTRIM, Klautenys Dellene Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; OLIVEIRA, Allison Bezerra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8980505991600688The appropriation of urban spaces has been an alternative for their sustainable use, a condition reiterated in the capital of Maranhão. The presente research aims to analyze the relevance of requalifying areas of the Ilhinha, in São Luís-Maranhão, through Permaculture, considering social coexistence, income generation and quality of life, as an alternative for sustainability. The research evokes the memory and the socio-spatial of the community about its organization, focusing on the relevance of the requalification of areas in social dysfunction, through Permaculture. The methodology comprises documentary and field research, adopting as procedures: analysis of the literature on the object of study, photographic record and information on the construction of history, and participant observation of the residents' socio-spatial experience. Due to the Coronavirus pandemic, the research was carried out in a hybrid way, through semi- structured interviews with community leaders, as well as former residents who were part of the construction of the history and memory of the area, who are aware of the socio-spatial dynamics and realization of field visit when necessary. The results show the need to expand green areas and leisure spaces. There was no feeling of belonging of the community of Ilhinha by the street it occupies, as well as disappointment of the community, due to the shortcomings pointed out in this work.Item O turismo de experiência aplicado aos equipamentos culturais da cidade de São Luís/MA: uma análise do Centro de Comercialização de Produtos Artesanais do Maranhão – CEPRAMA(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-07-26) LEITE, Jaqueline Santos Costa; CARVALHO, Conceição de Maria Belfort de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7821541616565704; CARVALHO, Conceição de Maria Belfort de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7821541616565704; CUTRIM, Kláutenys Dellene Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; CUNHA, Hermeneilce Wasti Aires Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0172861091335213The present dissertation is entitled "EXPERIENCE TOURISM APPLIED TO CULTURAL EQUIPMENT IN THE CITY OF SÃO LUÍS/MA: An analysis of the Centro de Produção Artesanal do Maranhão - CEPRAMA, and is applied in studying the dimension of experience tourism in what happens daily in the space of the Center for Handicraft Production of Maranhão – CEPRAMA. Relating topics such as: experience tourism; handicrafts, cultural tourism, material and immaterial cultural heritage. This main one unfolds in: controlling the characteristics or relationships that promote or not experiences within the electrical production and commercialization of objectives that occur in the Centro de Produção Artesanal do Maranhão – CEPRAMA. Going through: Study the concepts of experience, local culture, artisanal production and tourism, understanding the relationship between them, analyzing the dynamics of CEPRAMA as a factor of interaction between tourists and local residents; Identify the presence of the tourist experience in the process of production, exhibition and sale of products of representative materials of the local culture at CEPRAMA, for tourists and local residents who consume local cultural resources; and management if there is planning within the organization, in the sense of promoting the tourist experience, its local management in history, knowing and doing, as well as other aspects related to culture. It was found that Experience Tourism was developed with CEPAMA; It was also noted that the Center needs to develop its potential and minimize its negative points so that the tourist experience can be developed in a more complete way, generating economic, social and cultural development for the city of São Luís, and in a special way for the communities of the surroundings of the center and the arts that develop their activities in this space of cultural enjoyment.Item Cidades, políticas culturais e participação social: uma avaliação do “Carnaval do Maranhão – Circuito Beira Mar” de São Luís-MA(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-02-21) LUZ, Emanuely Ferreira dos Reis; CUTRIM, Kláutenys Dellene Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; CUTRIM, Kláutenys Dellene Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; BANDEIRA, Arkley Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3764150553908789; BRASIL, Marcus Ramusyo de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6772709289246483The space and the city constitute an objective reality, both social products in a permanent process of transformation. Therefore, in order to study them, it is necessary to understand the relationship they have with society, as well as the changes that this imposes on its functioning. The city, in this case, it is the inhabited and dynamic space that needs cultural public policies for its occupation and preservation. Thus, the main objective of this research is to evaluate the implementation of the strategic action "The Carnival of Maranhão in the Historic Center - Beira Mar Circuit" contained in the cultural, tourism, leisure center of the "Nosso Centro" Program. To achieve this objective, this study considered whether such action, it is formulated to contribute to the promotion of the occupation of public spaces and the realization of cultural attractions in the Historic Center of São Luís - MA. At this point, it is added that this investigation made possible new studies on the themes of city, space, democratic and citizen participation, occupation of public spaces and heritage preservation, allowing develop knowledge to the point that the results aggregate in studies on public cultural policies aimed at for public spaces, such as the Historic Centers. For this, the methodological aspects covered the documentary, bibliographic, qualitative and quantitative approach characteristics, with the application of interviews and questionnaires. Through this, the main results showed that the action of Carnival allows the occupation of society and its inhabitants in public spaces, but greater participation is necessary, since it was found that decision-making is unilateral, and with the economic objective, therefore, not cultural. In this aspect, the main understanding of this research allows to considering the strategic action of Carnival as a good practice, however, local traditions must be included, in a broader and more professional way. In addition, there is a need for an interactive participation, where there can be through dialogues, but mainly, represented by the power of decision. In this way, it was found that for social participation to occur in a democratic and citizen way, it is necessary that the public power has sensitivity, creates mechanisms and legislation that meets all types of cultural attractions, reducing bureaucracy and investing in education. Those points prioritizes citizenship, dialogue and plurality.Item Da religião tutelar ao pseudo-serviço: uma contraposição entre a concepção de autonomia em Kant e o fundamentalismo religioso(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-01-31) COSTA, Matheus Costa e; CARVALHO, Zilmara de Jesus Viana de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2083775393424616; CARVALHO, Zilmara de Jesus Viana de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2083775393424616; ALMEIDA, Fábio Py Murta de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9482390225415714; FREITAS, Flávio Luiz de Castro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2128304906555701This master’s degree dissertation is an analysis of religious fundamentalism, specifically Christian Protestantism fundamentalism, and how this can become an obstacle to autonomy. Autonomy revindication and thinking of religion is not only a discussion these days but in the 18th century, Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher, developed, not only a defense of the autonomy thinking but also had made several critics to different ranges, including the religious one, which acted in a tutelar way, motivating what he called minority. Altogether, religion was highly criticized, therefore, it was considered the criticism directed at the Enlightenment Period, looking for an understanding of what, in that context, promotes this position, focusing on the Kantian thinking. To illustrate that the relationship between religion and thinking is not incompatible, that’s why religion in Kant is related to morals which are the essence of religion to the philosopher, which leads to comprehending it as something intrinsic to the thinking field, that is, the field of autonomous thinking. This aspect, regarding the religious theme, was explained in his work “Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason”, and this research has mainly focused on tutelar religion concepts and pseudo-service expounded in the fourth part of that work, searching for how a statuary church, can establish itself as a tutor of individuals and promotes heteronomy, which conduces, consequently, to a religion not only an example of what would be a minority but also promotes itself the perpetuation of the minority. Thus, the aim is to comprehend how Christian religious fundamentalism can behave like an agent of heteronomy and how this movement could be understood as an obstacle to the autonomy defended by Kant.Item Educomunicação: pressupostos tecnológicos na relação professor-aluno em aulas de Filosofia no Colégio de Aplicação da Universidade Federal do Maranhão no período crítico da pandemia(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-07-29) HORTEGAL NETO, Sansão; BOTTENTUIT JÚNIOR, João Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4828197220419425; FAÇANHA, Luciano da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7318884096236926; FAÇANHA, Luciano da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7318884096236926; BOTTENTUIT JÚNIOR, João Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4828197220419425; WUNSCH, Luana Priscila; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0587330097059471; RODRIGUES, Sannya Fernanda Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5638131664583072This dissertation consists of addressing Educommunication with the integration of technologies for the teaching of philosophy in high school of the College of Application of the Federal University of Maranhão (Colun - UFMA). Technology has always been present in the daily life of society, which includes schools, from the use of chalkboards, through whiteboard, to the use of overhead projectors, datashows and audiovisual resources. With the pandemic in early 2020 and the social isolation enacted in March of the same year, in which schools, universities, colleges, bars, restaurants, shops, and any and all the agglomeration needed to be closed, society was reinventing and seeking alternatives to continue with its activities. The web conferencing mechanisms, in this period, were gaining prominence and space and improving services until then already existing, timidly, and little used. The technologies that were emerging or improving during the pandemic led us to analyze how the integration of these technologies in a remote classroom have reflected in the critical training of high school students, specifically in the area of Philosophy, because it is an area of concentration of humanbeings, which requires analysis and reflection. For this study, we will apply the literature review methodology, in which we will conceptually present the existence of the term Educommunication, showing its use in philosophy teaching, which has been mediated by the use of technologies, in addition to understanding how Colun high school teachers, who teach the discipline of Philosophy, have worked the content in this remote format. The work will reinforce the idea of the teacher as a mediator of knowledge and will point to an interactive need in the virtual classroom, from the use of technologies, so that they have a sharing function and facilitators in the transmission of content.Item Aconteceu no Maranhão: os reflexos da ditadura militar na cultura maranhense analisados a partir da obra poética de César Teixeira(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-08-26) SOUSA, Danielle de Assunção Pereira; OLIVEIRA, Fernanda Areias de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8726813473492947; OLIVEIRA, Fernanda Areias de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8726813473492947; PEREIRA, Ariel Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0849404985459470; ZORZAL, Ricieri Carlini; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3267683322470733El presente trabajo propone investigar los reflejos del régimen militar, vivido en Maranhão en las variadas esferas de la sociedad. La investigación se basa en la producción musical del compositor César Teixeira de Maranhão. Se pretende resaltar en su obra, las canciones que muestran toda la persecución, tortura y violencia y violación a los derechos humanos que sufrieron quienes no se alinearon con el sistema. El análisis de los versos comprometidos se basa en los postulados teóricos del Análisis del Discurso Francés, que permite comprender las construcciones ideológicas que impregnan su discurso, haciéndolo más que una construcción lingüística, pero estableciendo los vínculos entre su creación y la social. El contexto en el que se produjo el texto también tendrá como ayuda metodológica las pautas de la Historia Oral, que se guía por el discurso de los individuos insertados socialmente en ese momento.Item Entre o céu e a terra: figurações de uma infância em conflito na narrativa Em teu ventre, de José Luís Peixoto.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-01-28) CORRÊA, Gabriel Vidinha; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; COUTINHO, Fernanda Maria Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1686880676530862; TOLOMEI, Cristiane Navarrete; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7094193706249489In essence, literature manifests itself as various ways of knowing the world. In this perspective, this research intends first of all to analyse the narrative Em teu ventre (2015), by portuguese writer José Luís Peixoto, under the optics of the studies that talk about infancy, as a stage of life, and of Cultural Humanist Geography, of phenomenological approach, whose core approaches the lived spaces. Em teu ventre tells the story of three little shepherds that experienced the apparitions of Our Lady of Fátima, in Cova da Iria, in Portugal – context that changes the entire way of living of those children, in function of the responsabilities that fall on them, by being designated as the voice of the Mother of Christ. The emphasis falls as much on the moments of figuration of infancy, mostly on tensions and conflicts, as in the strict relation of the phenomenom with place. It will be brought to surface categories such as maternity, feeling of infancy, idealised infancy and lost infancy, in a profitable dialogue with the matters of space, place, spaciousness, crowding, topophilia, topophobia and lived world, with the intention of demonstrating how these categories are fictionalised in the work of Peixoto. As theoretical scope of this work, stand out the studies of Gomes (1993), Câmara (2019), Moisés (2005, 2012), Ariès (1981), Zilberman (2003), Lajolo (2011), Coutinho (2012), Bettelheim (2017), Gutfreind (2012), Chombart de Lauwe (1991); Bachelard (2008; 2018), Piorski (2016), Benjamin (1995; 2009), Badinter (1985; 2011), Donath (2017); Tuan (2005; 2012; 2013), Dardel (2015).Item Inclusão da pessoa com deficiência no Instituto Federal do Maranhão: políticas institucionais, desafios e conquistas do campus Pinheiro.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020-11-30) SILVA JÚNIOR, Ronaldo; CHAHINI, Thelma Helena Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4061880434989954; CHAHINI, Thelma Helena Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4061880434989954; BOTTENTUIT JÚNIOR, João Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4828197220419425; RODRIGUES, Eder Romagna; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3627353587776755; SARDINHA, Ana Helia de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9055406575978202It is noted that in Brazil, inclusive education policies have gained strength in their historical and political trajectory, consolidating, through legislative productions, the rights of people with disabilities. Thus, from 1990, the term “inclusion” was incorporated into educational discourses, as well as legislation aimed at special education. This study aimed to investigate how the Ifma - Campus Pinheiro operationalizes support services for students, aiming at the elimination and / or minimization of pedagogical and attitudinal barriers, ensuring them access, permanence and the guarantee of learning. The participants, in the context presented, were 12 civil servants and 20 students, who met the inclusion criteria in the research. The data collection instruments corresponded to semi-structured interviews and non-participating observations. The results reveal that: all participants have diverse views on inclusion, but all within the ideological principles from the perspective of Inclusive Education and / or “politically correct”; most participants are unaware of the actions developed by Ifma's NAPNE, as well as the role it plays in the context of including students from the target audience of Special / Inclusive Education; most of the participants did not interact with the students served by the Center; there is a lack of human resources and qualified professionals to operationalize the Inclusive Education process; most of the participants omit in relation to the activities developed by the Nucleus and credit it with the responsibility for inclusion. Despite all the difficulties and challenges to be overcome, the NAPNE of the Ifma / Campus Pinheiro, has done an important job for the inclusion of students with disabilities and / or with specific educational needs in the Maranhão region.Item “Antes da linguagem, há o silêncio”: espaço, memória e exílio em Rabo de foguete: os anos de exílio, de Ferreira Gullar.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-04-25) PINHO, Thaisa Viegas de; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; FERREIRA JUNIOR, José Ribamar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0058185567130333; SANTOS, Silvana Maria Pantoja dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7780498844139228This study starts from the relationship between the character Ferreira Gullar and the exile space in the work Rabo de Foguete: Anos de Exílio (2010) during the period of the Military Dictatorship that was installed in Brazil in the years of 1964. The character/narrator moves through different spaces (Russia, Chile, Argentina) to escape the political persecution of his country and experiences as a witness who saw the horrors of repression and survived them. Unable to return to their place of belonging, Gullar becomes a clandestine in foreign lands, experience a life in anonymity, whose destiny becomes increasingly uncertain and insecure. Through this research, we seek to understand how the character in Rabo de Foguete relates with the environment, from the abrupt separation of his place of origin to the spaces traveled during exile. Furthermore, the memory of repression revisited through written testimony, the complex relationship of literature with trauma. We will base our methodology on a bibliographic research, focused on the study of experience of Yi-Fu Tuan in Espaço e lugar: a perspectiva da experiência (2013), Eric Dardel with the study O homem e a terra: a natureza da realidade geográfica (2015), Edward W. Said Reflexões sobre o exílio e outros ensaios (2003), Alexis Nouss in Pensar o exílio e a migração hoje (2020) Miriam L. Volpe Geografias de exílio (2005), Márcio Seligmann-Silva O local do testemunho (2010), Elio Gaspari in A Ditadura Derrotada (2014); Tempo passado: cultura da memória e guinada subjetiva (2007), in Beatriz Sarlo and Rosane Batista in Ferreira Gullar: memórias do exílio (2014).Item Thanaturismo: A busca do insólito nos lugares de memória.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020-01-31) SANTOS, Aremys Nascimento; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; FEITOSA, Antônio Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4947538265856976; LIMA, Terezinha de Jesus Campos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6148231916310506Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar el tanaturismo, cuyo significado sería "la práctica turística donde se realizan visitas, intencionalmente o por otras razones, a lugares que pueden ofrecer la representación de la muerte o el sufrimiento, en estos lugares hubo tragedias, desastres naturales o causados por desastres". por el hombre, o muertes que marcaron a las personas y que de alguna manera continúan teniendo un impacto ”. El término "Thanaturismo" es la combinación de tanatos y turismo, en el que "tanatos" personifica la muerte en la mitología griega. Un tema común en todas las culturas, la muerte está representada de varias maneras, en diversas mitologías, cada sociedad encuentra una manera de simbolizarla. La práctica de Thanaturismo es parte del turismo cultural, que comprende: "actividades turísticas relacionadas con la experiencia del conjunto de elementos significativos del patrimonio histórico y cultural y los eventos culturales, valorando y promoviendo los bienes materiales e inmateriales de la cultura". (BRASIL, MTur .2006, p.10). El trabajo desarrollado es un estudio interdisciplinario que tiene la base teórica de la Geografía Cultural Humanista, con una base fenomenológica. La Geografía Humanista Cultural introduce una nueva forma de ver el mundo, incorporando en sus estudios el punto de vista de las personas que viven en los lugares, en el paisaje, en resumen, en el espacio que ocupan. La investigación también tiene un enfoque cualitativo, que además de observar fenómenos sociales, tiene una participación activa e intensa en el universo donde se investiga, es decir, el cementerio de Gavião, buscando así una interpretación y análisis de estas relaciones y la ocurrencia in loco.Item Legados de uma [H]história: Memórias e identidades em Se o passado não tivesse asas, de Pepetela.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-01-29) COSTA, Maria do Socorro Nascimento da; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; TOLOMEI, Cristiane Navarrete; TOLOMEI, Cristiane Navarrete; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7094193706249489; FEITOSA, Márcia Manir Miguel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0938601542329006; GOMES, Simone Caputo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4363363545701714; OLIVEIRA, Ana Caroline Amorim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6279006668275644Literature as a breeding ground for interdisciplinary approaches provide studies such as this that proposes a reflection on it and its relationship with history, memory (individual and collective) and identities in the contemporary novel entitled Se o passado não tivesses asas (2017), by the Angolan writer Pepetela. For such, we examine, in this narrative, how the historical writing, built by Eurocentric epistemology, is problematized and desecrated by the author. Furthermore, History, as an organic part of the Pepetelian novel, is doubly investigated: first to contextualize Angola in the privileged space / time in the narrative, the period of the civil war, in the 1990s, and the post-war and its democratic and economic opening from the second decade of the 21st century; and, second, to discuss the novel, as a place of memory when treating the characters as historians of themselves and builders of different narratives through different loci of enunciation. Thus, using memory as a constitution of oneself for oneself and for others, we observe how the identity representations in the novel are linked to the space-temporal actions and tensions in which the characters act as active and passive subjects. Therefore, to carry out this study as it is a basic research of comparative bibliographic nature, we make use of the critical reflections by of Linda Hutcheon (1992), Hayden White (1992), Innocent Mata (2012; 2015), Solival Menezes (2000), Douglas Wheeler (2013), Rita Chaves (2004; 2006), Carlos Ervedosa (1963), Tânia Macêdo (2002; 2006; 2008), Pierre Nora (1993), Maurice Halbwachs (2006), Paul Ricoeur (2007) and Stuart Hall (2006).Item Entre o sonho e a razão: Um estudo acerca das relações entre ficção e filosofia na obra Assim falou Zaratustra, de Friedrich Nietzsche.(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-01-27) MOREIRA, Adonay Ramos; FREITAS, Flávio Luiz de Castro; FREITAS, Flávio Luiz de Castro; FAÇANHA, Luciano da Silva; FORNAZARI, Sandro KobolThis study aims to analyze the possible relationship between fiction and philosophy in the work Thus spoke Zarathustra, by Friedrich Nietzsche. A thinker of limits, the German author is one of the great philosophers of the 19th century, whose thinking influenced a great part of the intellectuals and artists who succeeded him, his work being a true watershed in the history of Western thought. With a strong poetic charge, its philosophy is marked by great originality. Among his books, Thus spoke Zarathustra is the one in which the presence of the author's literary and poetic aspects was most visibly expressed. To study such work, the bibliographic method will be used, guided by a comparative and problematic reading. Thus, in the first chapter, the possible relationship between fiction and thought will be investigated, addressing how, in classical Greece, such an element was already present, spreading to modern authors. In the second chapter, the border character of Nietzsche's work will be analyzed, as well as the difficulties in an attempt to read his works and the strong enigmatic tone of his books, especially Thus spoke Zarathustra. In the third chapter, the complex nature of Zarathustra will be investigated, as well as the mismatches present in the history of its editions. In the fourth and last chapter, the possible relations between fiction and philosophy in the work in question will be dealt with, using three approaches: the aspect of the genesis of the work, the aspect of the mask and the aspect of character, as well as pointing out the relationship between Zarathustra and conceptual characters. Thus, the present study leads to the conclusion that, in the work under study, the relationship between fiction and philosophy becomes real, both being present in the book on screen, although each one keeps its respective particularities. The interdisciplinarity of the present study resides in the fact that both the literary aspects (the character, the narrative, the poetic inspiration) are analyzed, as well as the philosophical aspects (the reflection, the denial of moral dualism, the death of God, the super- man and the eternal return). Thus, through such a methodological organization and following the exposed route, it was intended to offer a solution to the problem under analysis.Item O processo de inclusão de crianças com o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na educação infantil(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020-01-15) VIANA, Isaac Pereira; CHAHINI, Thelma Helena Costa; 168141692-15; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4061880434989954; VIEIRA, Camila Mugnai; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6321486142314762; BOTTENTUIT JUNIOR, João Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4828197220419425The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a Neurodevelopmental Disorder which encompasses some deficits regarding social abilities and communication, besides restricted and repetitive behaviors. Given the Research Problem, which investigated how the process of inclusion of children with ASD was being held in public institutions of Early Childhood Education (up until 5 years old; all following references to Early Childhood Education concerns education until the age of five, which is the definition of Educação Infantil in Brazil), in São Luís/MA, and the hypothesis which claims that, in spite of all the legal apparatus which ensures the children’s inclusion at school, there are still barriers, especially the attitudinal ones – which do not effectively allow the inclusion of autistic children in Early Childhood Education –, the main goal of this study is to investigate the process of inclusion of children with ASD, in public institutions of Early Childhood Education, in São Luís/MA, given the perception of their relatives and of the professionals of the aforementioned institutions. To that end, an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach was held in two institutions of Early Childhood Education which had children with ASD. There were 20 participants, out of which four were relatives of children with ASD and sixteen were professionals who worked with the aforementioned children in the researched institutions. After the Consolidated Report by the Ethics Committee (CEP/CONEP/UFMA, Nº 2.891.951), the data were collected via semi-structured interviews, applying two scripts which had, each, 12 questions regarding general themes about what ASD is; which characteristics it possesses; what the peers’ relationship with children with ASD is like; what the perception of other children’s parents about children with ASD is; what the level of the professionals’ preparation to deal with children with ASD is; how the process of inclusion of those children is held in schools, etc. Thus, a script was sent to the relatives and another one, to the professionals. The results revealed that most participants had adequate knowledges regarding ASD; despite most children with ASD being treated and being well received by professionals and children without ASD, in the researched institutions, there are still barriers to be overcome regarding Inclusive Education in Early Childhood Education, such as the ones which were caused by the stigmas concerning the mentioned neurodevelopmental disorder, as well as the fear and/or rejection that parents and other relatives had of their children’s interaction – who do not have ASD – with children with ASD; most professionals who work with children with ASD still feel ill-prepared; there is a need of a partnership between the researched institutions and relatives of children with ASD, therefore, creating another barrier concerning the inclusion of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early Childhood Education.Item Representações sobre o patrimônio: participação popular nas políticas habitacionais de interesse social no Centro Histórico de São Luís – MA(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2019-01-07) SILVA, Ivanilde da Conceição; MENENDEZ, Larissa Lacerda; 894436751-53; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8070939322802687; CUTRIM, Klautenys Dellene Guedes; 437518303-91; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; CUTRIM, Klautenys Dellene Guedes; 437518303-91; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; MENENDEZ, Larissa Lacerda; 894436751-53; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8070939322802687; BANDEIRA, Arkley Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3764150553908789; BORGES, Débora Garreto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3540598412447734Public housing policies in Brazil have been following a linear trend since the 1930s, when the state began to admit that housing issues were directly linked to the social, economic and political order. In this sense, the State began to intervene by adopting measures that reduce the housing deficit and provide residents, especially in urban areas, with housing with adequate infrastructure. In Brazil's public housing policies are inserted policies that were developed specifically to reduce housing deficit of the historical centers of the safeguarded cities, taking into account the fact that they are considered Brazilian cultural heritage. Moreover, this research objective is to understand how the participation of the historical center residents regarding housing public policies related to the social interest over the historical center of São Luís occurs. For this purpose, research is framed as a case study: it has a qualitative approach supported by bibliographical surveys and uses observation in loco and semi-structured interviews as instruments of data collection. In order to achieve the objectives above mentioned, it is necessary to undertake an analysis on how does a world cultural heritage city is constituted and how do the housing policies focused on historical centers are developed, emphasizing the Historical Center of São Luís. After these studies, it was possible to verify that, despite the efforts of the organs responsible for the protection of these patrimonial spaces in the development of partnerships with other national and international bodies in order to formulate specific policies to revitalize the central areas and to alleviate housing deficits, has not yet been sufficient to meet the demands of the population.Item O significado da cultura no processo de desenvolvimento: a configuração do Programa Mais Cultura pela Biblioteca Pública Benedito Leite a partir das ações do segmento livro, leitura, literatura e biblioteca(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-07-27) FERREIRA, Gilvane Carvalho; CARVALHO, Conceição de Maria Belfort de; 684190823-68; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7821541616565704; CARVALHO, Conceição de Maria Belfort de; 684190823-68; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7821541616565704; CUTRIM, Kláutenys Dellene Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4310600393313804; FONSECA, Ana Silvina Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3825588808985481The policy cultural is imbued with a conception of culture for the formulation of its actions. The Mais Cultura Program, created by Decree No. 6.226/2007 under the first public policy for culture, adopted the three-dimensionality of culture (economic, citizen and symbolic) and encompassed all cultural actions and projects, including policies for the Book, Reading, Literature and Libraries (BRLL) segment. In Maranhão, actions for that segment were coordinated by the State Public Library System (SPLS) of the Public Library Benedito Leite. Thus, the dissertation entitled "The meaning of culture in the development process: the configuration of the Mais Cultura Program by the Public Library Benedito Leite from the actions of the book, reading, literature and library segment" has the objective of analyzing the configuration of the Mais Cultura Program by the Public Library Benedito Leite in the period 2007 to 2011. For that, approaches are taken on cultural policies and the notion of development. It is located the public library and its history linked to the book and consequently to reading even in cultural policies. The Mais Cultura Program is contextualized and characterized in the federal and Maranhão regions, its repercussion in the municipal public libraries in Maranhão and specifically in the PLBL focus of the analysis for the guiding question of the research: how the More Culture Program was configured in Maranhão from the actions for the articulated Book, Reading, Literature and Library segment by the Public Library Benedito Leite? Other questions, too, are relevant as: Has the development program of the Mais Cultura Program been developed by BPBL with actions in line with its cultural dimensions? What actions has BPBL created or used to articulate the actions of the Mais Cultura Program in Maranhão, in order to overcome its challenges? For this, the methodological procedures of historical research, bibliographic research and documentary research are used, using the relation of complementarity that they present in documentary analysis. It is concluded that the PLBL articulated the actions for the BRLL segment, responding to the formulations of the Mais Cultura Program and the National Plan of the Book and Reading (NPBR) to overcome its challenges in the field of culture and education. The culture transversal enabled the PLBL the development of actions for the segment aimed at valuing cultural expressions and cultural diversity of the municipalities. The culture as strategy of the development promotes cultural development as the development of reading by the public library contributes to the development of this cultural institution.Item O estado laico e a liberdade de culto:discussões a partir das concepções políticas e religiosas em Jean-Jacques Rousseau(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-01-29) RIBEIRO, Joás de Jesus; Façanha, Luciano da Silva; 336743293-87; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7318884096236926; FAÇANHA, Luciano da Silva; 336743293-87; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7318884096236926; SILVA JÚNIOR, Francisco Valderio Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9611868983567957; CARVALHO, Zilmara de Jesus Viana de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2083775393424616The present study approaches the political and religious conceptions through the writings of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, the research is considered from the historical-cultural context of the thinker, having as scene the Enlightenment and the strong influences of the Christian religion in the institutions that compose the State. For the author, religion should not occupy the central role in political activity, porting does not serve to legitimize political power. In the Work of the Social Contract or principles of Political Right (1762), the recognition of the political authority competes only to the general will. However, the writer does not propose the end of religion, in contrast to some illuminists of the eighteenth century. In fact the philosopher presents a civil religion based on the social contract and guided by nature. Hence the need for an education that awakens the sensibility and preparation of man to the natural, as he argues in Emile or on Education (1762). The condemnation of his works announced the winds of change that the French Revolution brought with him eleven years after the death of the Genevan. Thus, the result of this proposal was the defense of the people's sovereignty, as legitimate political authority. This democratic posture of Rousseau made possible respect for political freedom, the secular state and freedom of worship