Entre o sonho e a razão: Um estudo acerca das relações entre ficção e filosofia na obra Assim falou Zaratustra, de Friedrich Nietzsche.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the possible relationship between fiction and philosophy in the work Thus spoke Zarathustra, by Friedrich Nietzsche. A thinker of limits, the German author is one of the great philosophers of the 19th century, whose thinking influenced a great part of the intellectuals and artists who succeeded him, his work being a true watershed in the history of Western thought. With a strong poetic charge, its philosophy is marked by great originality. Among his books, Thus spoke Zarathustra is the one in which the presence of the author's literary and poetic aspects was most visibly expressed. To study such work, the bibliographic method will be used, guided by a comparative and problematic reading. Thus, in the first chapter, the possible relationship between fiction and thought will be investigated, addressing how, in classical Greece, such an element was already present, spreading to modern authors. In the second chapter, the border character of Nietzsche's work will be analyzed, as well as the difficulties in an attempt to read his works and the strong enigmatic tone of his books, especially Thus spoke Zarathustra. In the third chapter, the complex nature of Zarathustra will be investigated, as well as the mismatches present in the history of its editions. In the fourth and last chapter, the possible relations between fiction and philosophy in the work in question will be dealt with, using three approaches: the aspect of the genesis of the work, the aspect of the mask and the aspect of character, as well as pointing out the relationship between Zarathustra and conceptual characters. Thus, the present study leads to the conclusion that, in the work under study, the relationship between fiction and philosophy becomes real, both being present in the book on screen, although each one keeps its respective particularities. The interdisciplinarity of the present study resides in the fact that both the literary aspects (the character, the narrative, the poetic inspiration) are analyzed, as well as the philosophical aspects (the reflection, the denial of moral dualism, the death of God, the super- man and the eternal return). Thus, through such a methodological organization and following the exposed route, it was intended to offer a solution to the problem under analysis.