DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - PROGRAMA DE POS-GRADUAÇÃO EM DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOECONOMICO

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://tedebc-teste.ufma.br/handle/tede/577

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Agronegócio versus agricultura familiar: a dinâmica da ocupação do espaço no município de Chapadinha/MA, a partir dos anos de 1990
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-03-23) FEITOZA, Ilnar Fernandes; SILVA, José de Ribamar Sá; 250.935.093-53; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0418404538115970; BOTELHO, Raimundo Edson Pinto; MESQUITA, Benjamin Alvino
This dissertation analyzes the occupation of space in the municipality of Chapadinha, from the 1990s, with the objective of investigating the impacts caused by the advance of agribusiness on family agriculture, in the logic of capitalist expansion to the countryside. Initially the theoretical and methodological references are explained, in which the theories about the advance of capitalism for agriculture are highlighted, being the first as general discussion of the classic authors and the last, as a contextualized discussion in the Brazilian reality. From the indicated references, we analyze the bases of the expansion of capitalism for agriculture and the dynamics of the advance, especially in Brazilian agriculture, in the current neoliberal phase of capitalism, as well as the State's performance in this process. Then, taking the municipality of Chapadinha in the state of Maranhão as an empirical reference, the impacts of the advance of capitalism to the countryside are clarified by means of public incentives that corroborated the expansion of monocultures in Maranhão. Following, the main socioeconomic indicators of Brazil, Maranhão and Chapadinha, 1991, 2000 and 2010, and the participation of the agricultural sector are analyzed. Finally, the impact of the expansion of soybean and eucalyptus monocultures in Chapadinha / MA, as well as the social and economic impacts for those who depend on small spaces to produce, are discussed. Based on the surveys, it was concluded that the expansion of monocultures to Chapadinha has had considerable negative impacts on small-scale agriculture, as well as a combination of social, economic and environmental damage to the residents and the village ecosystem. It is concluded that in Chapadinha, agribusiness advances by taking over the spaces, compressing family farming and the old ways of producing and living of small producers.
Benefícios previdenciários e desenvolvimento socioeconômico: a experiência dos municípios do Maranhão a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2013-03-15) CARVALHO, Maria de Lourdes Nunes; MESQUITA, Benjamin Alvino de; 057.668.423-68
The pension benefits of pensions of the General Welfare, paid according to the precepts of the Constitution of 1988 the population residing in the counties of Maranhão point to their significant participation in the local economy. To understand the experience of social security benefits in the municipalities of Maranhão, is essential to look back on the origins of Social Security, as well as its deployment and evolution in Brazil as a public policy of the State and Society. The reflections of the presence of social security benefits on the local economy maranhenses observed either in the composition of the municipal GDP, as in the composition of household income, both calculated by the IBGE. Social indicators HDI and Gini Index from 1991 to 2000 and the Municipal Development Index also reflect the importance of social security benefits for the welfare of the municipal population. The adoption of a policy of regional economic development in the territory Maranhão, combined with the globalized world economy, it is salutary for the municipal economy and Social Security. Maintaining the By-laws of Public Welfare in the Constitution is an important tool in achieving the development and achievement of welfare and social justice for millions of Brazilians.
CRÍTICA AOS EMPREENDIMENTOS DE ECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA: Sob o aspecto da precarização da força de trabalho no Maranhão de 2003 a 2012
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012-12-13) Wanderley, Carlos Ferreira; FARIAS, Flávio Bezerra de; CPF:12425168320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5147139035222233
The effects of liberalization, deregulation and privatization globally, are being felt so strong and increasingly diffuse. A more open world and new supplies became unemployed and one that precarious the labor force, a result therefore the more obvious adjustment that capitalism has been doing, especially in neoliberal paradigm. As a result, there is unemployment and precariousness, which almost naturally forge solidarity propositions in finding solutions, which effectively sets up as the initiative to establish practices mitigating not the subsistence wage for these workers, an initiative that, in this part Latin Americas, received the name of solidarity economy. This study investigates the reasons for that jobless workersseek in this category economic and labor integration, an exit and even autonomy. By analyzing the solidarity economy closely, we find, on one side, a reality of relative successes and on the other, the most common failures of experimentation, especially in Maranhão. The group of collectors of Lixão Santa Ines and ASCAMAR in San Luis, were the main fields of research that resulted in the self-organization, an unimpressive or even absent government support. Later, it was found that the creation of most solidary economic enterprises still had to fight for survival his main goal, surpassing the motivation of the search for collective production.
Desenvolvimento territorial e combate à pobreza rural: um estudo sobre a execução do Programa Agroamigo no município de Anajatuba – MA no período de 2013 a 2018.
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020-02-28) ERICEIRA, Marcelo do Carmo Carvalho; MOURA, João Gonsalo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4375641235722764; MOURA, João Gonsalo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4375641235722764; FREITAS, Cesar Augustus Labre Lemos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7212431473735809; HOSSOE, Heric Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9579815171615797
This study aimed to understand the performance of rural credit for the municipality of Anajatuba-MA, from resources of the National Program for Strengthening Family Farming-PRONAF, operated by the BNB Agroamigo Microcredit Program, as well as its contribution to the socioeconomic development of the municipality. They were unveiled as innovations of rural microcredit from concepts based on considerable bibliographic sources. It was discussed about a configuration of this tool in the highlighted municipality, validation of indicators of measurement and inequality of credit destination, from the use of secondary data retrieved at the Central Bank of Brazil-BACEN and Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics-IBGE. In principle, it raises the theme of microcredit, punctuating important moments, since its economy in the world until its adoption in the Brazilian particularity, since it has become an important strategy in the context of public policies to confront rural poverty in Brazil. The Agroamigo Microcredit Program is far beyond a financial service as it has a major social impact, with a proposal to tackle rural poverty and reduce social inequalities that affect income generation and agricultural incomes. From the data analyzed, it can be seen if the municipality of Anajatuba has access to rural credit resources in its predominance through Agroamigo Program operations, therefore, rural microcredit. Regarding credit inequality, a survey pointed to the municipality that received this type of resource in greater proportion than its share in the Gross Domestic Product-GDP of Baixada Maranhense and Maranhão. Another important finding is that, although the municipality has increased its share of credit distribution in the context of the Baixada Maranhense, the downward trend in the share of GDP in this micro region.
Economia maranhense de 1890 a 2010: superexploração e estado oligárquico como entraves ao desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2016-02-25) PEREIRA FILHO, Jomar Fernandes; FARIAS, Flávio Bezerra de; 124.251.683-20
This research aims to make a reinterpretation of the economic formation of the state of Maranhão, using categories that are not present in traditional analyzes and with this, seeks to demonstrate that the roots of recurring socio-economic backwardness of the state, are not in legacy of eugenics catchphrases as “laziness of the people” and the “tropical weather”. The mainstream representatives usually have the economic formation of Maranhão as a natural succession of socioeconomic facts, without direct connection with the state, much less with global cycles of accumulation. The time gap achieved by the search extends 1890, beginning of the "industrial madness" until the first decade of xxi century. in the meantime evidence that the socio-economic backwardness of Maranhão is directly linked to patrimonial political practices of the oligarchic state will be sought, which gave institutional coverage for the exploitation of the labor force, which maintained a negative relationship with the growth of the domestic market and positive with the appellant technological backwardness that characterizes the local economy, historically dependent on external dynamic centers. This disastrous connection - overexploitation and oligarchic state - somehow can be credited to a reification put as simply "natural succession" of economic cycles, that tries to establish the thesis of capital naturalization. They are dialectically linked to unequal exchanges with higher productivity centers, with the global process of capital accumulation and collaborative subservience to these two factors by the local ruling classes.
Gasto público estadual e desenvolvimento: uma análise da capacidade fiscal do estado do Maranhão entre 2002 e 2014
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2018-01-30) SANTOS, Marcelo de Sousa; PREVIDELLI, Maria de Fátima Silva do Carmo; 0920297338-02; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1865812017272334; PREVIDELLI, Maria de Fátima Silva do Carmo; 0920297338-02; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1865812017272334; SOUZA, Luiz Eduardo Simões de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6294050144240748; LIMA, João Policarpo Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2889563456428123
The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the Fiscal Capacity of the State of Maranhão between 2002 and 2014, having as parameter the analysis of indicators, such as: Fiscal Autonomy (IA), Demand Activation Capacity Indicator - I-CAD, Current Savings and Indebtedness. Linked to this, we will analyze, a priori, the predominant theories of economic thought, as well as the role of the State in the economy, in an attempt to evaluate the Fiscal Capacity in Maranhão. Preliminary results show that the Fiscal Capacity of the entity is presenting difficulties on behalf of the Union, imposing debt payments (on a continuous basis) and increasing expenses with Personnel, Costing (Other Current Expenses) and Investments, despite the good economic activity that (Tax Revenue and Current Transfers), due to its socioeconomic context (primary export), linked to a predominantly urban population, in which 75% of the average income of a maximum of two minimum wages and a significant part of this is on the poverty line.
IMPERIALISMO E A CULTURA DA SOJA: a experiência boliviana no início do século XXI.
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2019-04-12) PINHEIRO, Emanuelle dos Santos; MADEIRA, Welbson do Vale; 460.064.513-87; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2417160124849302; MADEIRA, Welbson do Vale; 460.064.513-87; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2417160124849302; MESQUITA, Benjamin Alvino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3740459164040605; DURANS, Cláudia Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9165713842523956
The present dissertation has a theoretical methodological approach based on materialism and dialectic. This paper analyzes the manifestations of transnational capital in the production and commercialization of soybeans in Bolivia, with the objective of ascertaining the pertinence of the categories imperialism and sub-imperialism, the patterns of dependent development in Bolivia, and the determinants and limits of soybean expansion parents. To this end, we seek to understand, in the light of Marxist theory, the process of business growth throughout the twentieth century, a period in which there is a strengthening of imperialist practices around the world, and consequently the emergence of large companies. We then seek to understand the International Labor Division in the context of the Amazonian countries. And finally, we take with empirical reference the production of soy in Bolivia as a reflection of the movement of monopoly capital, and the contradictions of the Plurinational State, under the aegis of living well.
Índice de atividade econômica do município de São Luís
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-05-28) CARNEIRO, Laura Regina; SOUZA, Rodrigo Gustavo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0707206561134321; PAULA, Ricardo Zimbrão Affonso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951164286797046; PAULA, icardo Zimbrão Affonso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951164286797046; SOUZA, Luiz Eduardo Simões de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6294050144240748; MOURA, João Gonsalo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4375641235722764
This master thesis aims to develop a weighted multidimensional index which monitors the economic activity level of São Luís. Its relevance comes from its timeliness, since the number that currently summarizes local economic activity, Municipal GDP, is published annually, with 2 (two) years lag. The statistical method used is Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a multivariate technique aimed at reducing data dimensions, with minimal loss of information, vastly recognized to create indexes. The results achieved allow us to infer that the Economic Activity Index of the municipality of São Luís is a proxy capable of measuring local economic activity.
A inflação como fenômeno real e monetário: distintas visões a partir da ortodoxia e heterodoxia econômica
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017-06-22) PINTO JUNIOR, Erivam de Jesus Rabelo; BRITO, Alexsandro Sousa; 459839683-00; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4881964220316394; PAULA, Ricardo Zimbrão Affonso de; 024147666-62; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951164286797046; PAULA, Ricardo Zimbrão Affonso de; 024147666-62; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1951164286797046; MOURA, João Gonsalo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4375641235722764; SANTOS, Alan Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1734028873697742
The cause and effect relationships between the variations in aggregate demand and inflation are distinct and depend on the theoretical approach adopted for the examination of the inflationary process. Excess demand is not always the prime source of inflation. In some cases, the inflation dynamics can be analyzed from some variables that, when generating cost increases, cause an increase in the general level of prices. The conventional approach admits that equilibrium in the labor market is essentially automatic and that inflation is always a consequence of excess demand. From this diagnosis, he concludes that the role of the monetary authority is to control the demand to a level that corresponds to the non-accelerating unemployment inflation rate, through the manipulation of the interest rate. For the Post-Keynesian approach, this view can only be constructed from the idea that money is endogenous and not neutral, which allows one to see inflation not as a result of excess demand, but that the growth of the currency may have been growth of economic costs. On the other hand, the Distributive Conflict approach seeks to understand the inflationary process from the social and political environment of an economy, considering what are the actions and reactions of the various groups that comprise it and the way in which each group takes initiative in the intention to defend income. The formation of the general level of prices occurs in a different way from those that reflect the scarcity of factors of production and from this analysis, the orthodox elements that associate the inflationary process with anenvironment of excess demand is not present. This research presents a theoretical narrative of how the orthodox approach considers that excess or acceleration of demand is capable of causing inflation and, in the face of such a diagnosis, how it should be combated, followed by interventionist discussion, which adds the endogeneity of money in the analysis of the inflationary process and which considers that inflation can occur even before demand reaches the level of full employment. Subsequently, it seeks to delineate the emergence of Structuralist thought, which opposed dominant theories and sought to understand the inflationary dynamics in Latin American countries from their specificities. Such theorists have provided the basis for the approach that is subsequently analyzed, that of Distributive Conflict. For this, the research tries to expose the real cost variables that are used to analyze the inflationary dynamics of an economy in a given time period, then a comparison of how the approaches exposed diverge and converge in relation to the analysis of inflationary dynamics and the mechanisms which must be adopted in pursuit of the equilibrium of the general level of prices.
INSTITUIÇÕES E CRESCIMENTO ECONÔMICO: INSTRUMENTOS DE PLANEJAMENTO E O CRESCIMENTO DOS MUNICÍPIOS MARANHENSES DE 2005 A 2019
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2022-12-13) FARIAS, Matheus Pereira; SOUZA, Rodrigo Gustavo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0707206561134321; SOUZA, Rodrigo Gustavo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0707206561134321; RIBEIRO, Eliene Cristina Barros; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0240110989640183; MONTENEGRO, Rosa Livia Gonçalves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8006172334113593
In the neoclassical theory of growth, the main determinants are: human capital, physical capital, institutions, infrastructure and technology. The search for the engine of growth and strategy is fundamental to understand the expansive dynamics of the activity. This work aims to create an indicator capable of measuring the level of institutions in Maranhão and how it can be related to the growth of Maranhão municipalities.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE EMPREGO PARA POPULAÇÃO JOVEM NO BRASIL NO PERÍODO NEOLIBERAL: gênese, desenvolvimento e perspectivas
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2012-10-11) MELO, Wagna Maquis Cardoso de; LIMA, Valéria Ferreira Santos de Almada; CPF:20765142368; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7758192020816194; Sousa, Salviana de Maria Pastor Santos; CPF:04491920320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8050800993055954
Study of public employment policies for youth in Brazil developed in the neoliberal period. This is on the understanding that young people affected by the current employment policies are marginalized youth of the social structure, as well as those victimized by the lack of jobs, are devoid of rights guarantees in the fields of health, education, leisure, culture and so on. Analyzes historically higher unemployment in this population crisis scenario of employment and social policies of fragmentation. Recover the reflections existing in Brazil on the determinants of unemployment of young people, compounded over the years 1990. Rescue, historically, social demands juveniles in Brazil unleashed over the years 1985 to 2005, a period delimited between the first international intervention on the issue of social vulnerability of youth and the creation of the National Youth Secretariat in Brazil. Weave themselves some considerations about employment policies designed for the general population victimized by unemployment, by PLANFOR inaugurated in 1996, guided, above all, the assumption of scarcity of skilled labor to meet the new demands of the labor market, against the restructuring process. Lectures that address the lack of job opportunities, even if the actions taken are active die eventually assuming a compensatory character, since they are based on the ideology of qualification as a solution to cope with unemployment this population. We conclude, from the viewpoint held by many authors, that current public policies for youth are insufficient to reduce unemployment levels in this population, because they are faced with structural limitations expressed in the scarce job opportunities resulting from the path followed by national economy and the restructuring process whose effects cover all the young Brazilians, even the best social position, or higher education. Finally, we demonstrate that even in periods of economic growth and recovery youth do not experience immediate answers in terms of integration into the labor market arises from the perspective of those policies to qualify for unemployment.
Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (2009 2010): Avanços e limites para a população de baixa renda em são Luís MA
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2013-03-11) Silva, Jadson Pessoa da; TAVARES, João Claudino; CPF:52645959415; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9558410061917745; Farias, Flávio Bezerra de; CPF:12425168320; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5147139035222233
This dissertation makes a reflection on the progress and limits the Minha Casa Minha Vida (MCMV 1) in São Luís - MA, concluded in the period 2009/2010, identifying the main obstacles that present themselves to its implementation in this city, specifically considering its repercussions for the low-income population. We believe that the creation of the MCMV can be considered a step forward for housing policy in Brazil, being the product of the struggles of social movements in search of Urban Reform, anchored in strengthening the Federal Government and social control, checking a huge leap with regard to amount of resources directed to housing finance in the country. In this sense, this paper analyzes the "New National Housing Policy" verifying the role of housing loans under the MCMV Program 1 of the Federal Government as well as the results obtained with reference to the low-income population in São Luís - MA. The literature discusses topics such as housing shortage, urban issues, state and market, housing policies, urban dynamics, focusing on São Luís. Were also conducted documentary research among which we chose to document research, stock reports and pertinent legislation worked in agencies and institutions involved in the formulation of credit policy. The results show that the MCMV Program is an important achievement for the Brazilian housing policy in the sense of having made possible the number of housing units for low income was privileged beyond broad subsidies for this population, something unprecedented in the country. However, following the maintenance of socioeconomic segregation, given the commercial logic of land own the capitalist mode of production, pushing the implementation of the projects the population of lower-income pullets for the city of São Luís, the main limit identified by this work.
O TURISMO DE BASE COMUNITÁRIA COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIOECONÔMICO DE COMUNIDADES TRADICIONAIS EM RESERVAS EXTRATIVISTAS: o caso da Ilha dos Lençóis em Cururupu-MA.
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2017-03-24) PINHEIRO, Cíntia Raquel Soares; SOUZA, Luiz Eduardo Simões de; 180375958-54; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6294050144240748
Thinking about the development of a sector of the global economy committed to social, economic, political and environmental issues should be based on ethical principles. Therefore, developing tourism in a locality must respect the traditions and identity of the local community. Based on the mentioned aspects, the object of study is Ilha dos Lençóis, located in the archipelago of Maiaú, which has 70% of its area composed of white sand dunes. The island belongs to the municipality of Cururupu, located in the Amazonian part of the State of Maranhão, in the Environmental Protection Area (APA) of the Maranhão Reentrâncias,has about 560 hectares and 14 kilometers of perimeter, of mangroves and the rest of beaches, being the only form of access by sea. These characteristics were the basis of the project "Community Based Tourism on the Ilha dos Lençóis in the Cururupu Marine Extractivist Reserve", developed by the Centro Nacional de Pesquisa Associada a Povos e Comunidades Tradicionais (CNPT) of the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBio) and financially supported by the United Nations Development Program (PNUD) through PNUD call BRA / 08/023. In this sense, the present dissertation had the objective of analyzing this experience in course since the year 2011 in the Ilha dos Lençóis. A qualitative approach was carried out and the instruments used were the application of questionnaires to the community and interviews scripted with public managers and local leaders. In order to reach the complexity of the object of study, the strategy of triangulation of methods was finally accomplished. Throughout the composition of the work, we sought to understand the approach to theory and what actually takes place in practice, given that community-based tourism should be promoted and managed by the community itself, with the support of public and private spheres .

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