PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS DA SAÚDE - PPGCS

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    EFEITO DO EXTRATO HIDROALCOÓLICO DAS FOLHAS DE Syzygium cumini (L.) SKEELS E DOS SEUS COMPOSTOS MAJORITÁRIOS SOBRE BACTÉRIAS PRESENTES NA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL E SOBRE CAMUNDONGOS INFECTADOS POR Escherichia coli 042
    (Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2020-12-13) SILVA, Iandeyara Savanna Carneiro da; PAES, Antonio Marcus de Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310501964710274; ABREU JÚNIOR, Afonso Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4394413983541820; SILVA, Luís Cláudio Nascimento da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6016850820500623; GUERRA, Rosane Nassar Meireles; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2316192786452127; SILVA, Ludmila Bezerra da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3013556982258366; ABREU JÚNIOR, Afonso Gomes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4394413983541820
    The intestinal microbiota (IM) is seen as a key regulator in the physiology and pathophysiology of its hosts, demonstrating a relationship with the regulation of fat storage, obtaining energy, as well as an intimate connection with the intestinal lymphoid tissue and its existing immune network. The agents that have been extensively studied in recent years as potential therapies in the IM scenario are the polyphenols found in plants, such as Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, also known as purple olives, jambolão or jamelão. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels and the main compounds present in it on bacteria that make up the intestinal microbiota. For this purpose, the 96-well plate microdilution technique was used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the hydroalcoholic extract of S. cumini leaves (EHSC) on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus paracasei and Enterococcus faecalis strains, bacteria belonging or with potential to compose IM. From the result obtained in the MIC, the plating of 10 μl aliquots of the wells was performed on plates containing Mueller Hinton agar to determine the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (CBM), from the visualization of growth or not of bacterial colonies. In addition, the cytotoxicity test was performed from the cell viability test with MTT using HT29 cells and the in vivo colonization of Swiss mice with the E. coli 042 bacterium, and subsequent treatment with the EHSC for analysis and comparison of results. The MIC result was 3.12 mg / mL showing bacteriostatic effect on E. coli 042, E. coli HB101 and S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. faecalis 29212, and 1.5 mg / mL on L. paracasei. The result of CBM showing a bactericidal effect was 6.25mg / mL on these same bacteria mentioned, with the exception of L. paracasei, which presented a value of 3.1 mg / mL. As for the isolated compounds of the EHSC: myricetin, quercetin and gallic acid, the MIC was 5mg / mL, 0.25mg / mL and 1.25mg / mL, respectively, over S. aureus and L. paracasei. For E. coli 042 and E. faecalis it was 5 mg / mL, 0.25 mg / mL and 0.31 mg / mL, for the same compounds, and 2.5 mg / mL, 0.12 mg / mL and 0.62 mg / ml on E. coli HB101. In addition, gallic acid potentiated the effect of myricetin and quercetin, reducing the value of their MICs on E. coli 042 and L. paracasei when the three isolates were combined. However, all of these values were bacteriostatic, since when the CBM test was performed, none of the concentrations used showed a bactericidal effect. It was possible to observe that there was no toxicity of any of the substances used here on the HT29 cells or on the organs of the evaluated animals. In the animal colonization test, the S. cumini EH decreased the efficiency of E. coli 042 colonization from the 6th day on in the animals. Therefore, it was possible to demonstrate the potential modulatory effect of EHSC, since it presents different values on different bacteria, as well as the synergy of its main compounds, in addition to the possibility of avoiding negative consequences in a possible pathogenic bacterial colonization by decreasing the capacity of this colonization.
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    USO PROFILÁTICO DE EXTRATO PADRONIZADO DE PRÓPOLIS DE Apis melifera (EPP-AFâ) REDUZ INFLAMAÇÃO NO PARÊQUIMA PULMONAR E AUMENTA A EXPECTATIVA DE VIDA EM CAMUNDONGOS COM SEPSE
    (Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2021-06-11) GARBIS, Dimítrius Vidal de Oliveira; BRAGA, Thiare Silva Fortes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5827678707239821; NASCIMENTO, Flávia Raquel Fernandes do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9073277157401960; NASCIMENTO, Flávia Raquel Fernandes do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9073277157401960; SILVA, Andresa Aparecida Beretta e; ABREU JÚNIOR, Afonso Gomes; AZEVEDO, Conceição de Maria Pedrozo e Silva de
    Propolis is a resinous balsamic material, used to protect the hive against insects and microorganisms. In addition to the antimicrobial activities of propolis, its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect stands out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment with Standardized Propolis Extract (EPP-AF®) on sepsis induced by ligation and cecal perforation (CLP). Initially, for survival assessment, Swiss mice were separated into 5 groups: SHAM (without cecal perforation), CLP (Saline + CLP), CLP + ATB (Antibiotic + CLP), EPP10 (EPP-AF® 10mg / kg + CLP), EPP100 (EPP-AF® 100mg / kg + CLP). Subcutaneous administration of antibiotics or EPP-AF® was performed 6 hours before the CLP procedure. Animal survival was assessed every 12 hours for 5 days. The data showed an increase of 51%, 16% and 25% in the life expectancy of animals in the CLP + ATB, EPP10 and EPP100 groups, respectively, in relation to the CLP group. After assessing survival, the CLP and EPP100 groups were repeated to assess immunophysiological parameters. After 12 hours of CLP, the animals were euthanized, and the biological material was collected for proper analysis. The data demonstrated that the single administration of EPP-AF®, prophylactically, did alter neither the colony-forming units in the peritoneum, blood and lung, nor the peripheral blood, marrow and coagulogram cell count (number of platelets, Prothrombin time and Activated partial thromboplastin time). However, the peritoneum cell count as well as the inflammatory infiltrate and hemorrhage in the lung tissue were lower in the animals that received EPP-AF®. Thus, it was possiple to conclude that EPP-AF® at a concentration of 100mg / kg, when used in a prophylactically way, promoted better preservation of the lung parenchyma, which may explain the increase in lifespan presented by mice with CLP-induced sepsis.