DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA ANIMAL

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://tedebc-teste.ufma.br/handle/tede/543

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Navegando DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA ANIMAL por Autor "520.526.990-15"

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    Qualidade do tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) armazenado em gelo: métodos sensoriais, físico-químicos e microbiológicos
    (Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2014-03-26) SILVA, Márcio Luís Pontes Bernardo de; FOGAÇA, Fabíola Helena dos Santos; 287.386.888-08; LOPES, Jane Mello; 520.526.990-15
    This study aimed to develop a scheme based on the Quality Index Method (QIM) to tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) raw stored in ice that determines its shelf life. It was studied 96 specimens of tambaqui captured with fishing net and slaughtered (killed) by hypothermia in ice and water , it was packed in ice boxes and kept on ice in a 1:1 (Kg fish/ice) ratio at a controlled temperature of 0 ± 1 ° C for 24 days. Fishes were evaluated at time 01 , 03 , 05 , 08 , 10 , 12 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 22 , 24 day of ice storage. After sensory, physical-chemistry and microbiological analyses the developed scheme presented 04 quality attributes with a total of 30 points. The pH showed little variation from 6.52 to 6.71, from the beginning to end of the experiment. The average content of BVT changed from 15.23 mg N.100g- 1 to 23.17 mg N.100g- 1 and it did not reach the amount considered unsafe for consumption. Mesophilic, and Psicotrophic bacteria remained with their values below log 106. The experiments with Pseudomonas and Enterobacterias showed their values below the limit recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) that is log 107, and it was demonstrated by producer bacteria H2S a growth of values reduced throughout the experiment. Then the method proved to be efficient to assess the loss of sensory quality related to the length of time in storage and it indicated an expiration date of 22 days which determine the shelf life of tambaqui. Microbiological analyzes with specific bacterial counts of deteriorating organisms strengthen the sensory results and it suggests the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) raw stored in ice is fit for consumption until the 22nd day.
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    Tolerância de lambaris (Bryconops caudomaculatus) submetidos a diferentes concentrações de amônia
    (Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2014-04-29) RIBEIRO, Mayara da Cruz; MORON, Sandro Estevam; 131.122.148-46; LOPES, Jane Mello; 520.526.990-15
    The diversity of the oscillations in the aquatic environment can be enhanced by the lack of preventive methods in management. The lack of knowledge about the parameters of water quality, such as transparency, alkalinity, hardness, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrite and pollutants cause various problems. The increase in the concentration of ammonia causes toxicity to aquatic organisms as it interacts with the biological parameters and can be intensified by the lack of appropriate management in water. Animals exposed to these contaminants may change in metabolic, immunologic, physiologic, and tissue damage in target organs such as gills and liver processes. The tetra (Bryconops caudomaculatus) is a native species with potential for aquaculture, with great potential for expansion, have high proliferation, short production cycle, accepts artificial food and serves as food for other species. The lack of information and the demand for knowledge about the disturbances caused by these animals increased concentrations of ammonia in the water require more specific studies in these target organs. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of exposure of un-ionized ammonia (NH3) in juvenile Bryconops caudomaculatus, and morphological and histopathological changes in the gills and liver. 150 juvenile minnows subjected to five treatments in tripicata with concentrations of NH3 (mg L-1) were control 0.003 ± 0.4; 0.15 ± 0.5; 0.30 ± 0.3; 0.50 ± 0.5; 1.00 ± 0.4. After the experimental period, 12 animals from each treatment were collected to obtain the gills and liver. After, target organs passed by fixation, dehydration, and paraffin embedding diafranização processes. The staining technique used was toluidine blue for gills and hematoxylin-eosin for the liver. Analysis of variance was used for parametric data and Kruskal-Wallis test for the descriptive analyzes. Morphological changes were observed in the secondary lamellae in the gills from 0.15 mg L-1 as hyperplasia, hypertrophy, epithelial displacement, lamellar melt, edema, aneurysm rupture lamellar epithelium and increase in width of the lamellae. There was also the presence of liver histopathologies from 0.30 mg L-1 as the capillary congestion, inflammation, pigmentation and endogenous treatment with the highest concentration in hepatocytes showed necrosis. These changes caused by the processes of intoxication impaired vital functions, metabolism, processes of respiration and detoxification of the body, probably in hematopoiesis and osmoregulation.