DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM FISICA

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    Alguns resultados exatos a Temperatura Finita da Eletrodinâmica CPT-par do Modelo Padrão Estendido
    (Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2010-04-30) Silva, Madson Rubem Oliveira; CASANA SIFUENTES, Rodolfo Alván; CPF:05159396764; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6508618435773438
    Maxwell s electrodynamics is a field theory which contains in its structure three fundamental physical symmetries: The Lorentz symmetry, the CPT-symmetry and the local gauge symmetry. The Lorentz covariance and the CPT-symmetry are fundamental in the construction of any field theory describing elementary (or not elementary) particles. Both together with the local gauge symmetry are the cornerstones in the construction of the Standard Model and of others modern field theories. However, it is cogitate that as much the Lorentz covariance as the CPT-symmetry can be spontaneously broken at Planck energy scale (or in the very early Universe when energies are close to the Planck scale) due to quantum gravity effects. The possible residual effects of such spontaneous symmetry breaking are studied within the structure of the Standard Model Extension (SME). The U(1)-local gauge symmetry sector of the SME describes the effects produced in Maxwell s electrodynamics due to the Lorentz-covariance violation and the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the CPT-invariance. Here, we study the finite temperature properties of the CPT-even electrodynamics of SME, represented by the term (kF )ανρφFανFρφ. First, we construct a well-defined and gauge invariant partition function in the functional integration formalism for an arbitrary tensor (kF ). Then, we specialize for the leading-order-nonbirefringent coefficients of the tensor (kF ) and we study in separate the parityeven and the parity-odd sectors. Consequently, for both sectors, the partition function is exactly caculated by showing that it is a power of Maxwell s partition function. Such power is an explicit function of the respective parameters ruling the Lorentz-covariance violation. This way, Planck s radiation law retains its frequency dependence and the Stefan-Boltzmann law is maintained, except for a change in Stefan-Boltzmann s constant that is multiplied by a global factor containing all the LIV contributions. Nevertheless, in general, it is observed that the LIV coefficients induce an anisotropy in the angular distribution of the black body energy density.