DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO - PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM FISICA

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://tedebc-teste.ufma.br/handle/tede/707

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Propriedades térmicas, dielétricas e vibracionais de Ormosil's baseados em DPMS e TEOS dopados com MDS
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2008-05-21) Pinto, Raffael Costa de Figueiredo; PASCHOAL, Carlos William de Araújo; 461.412.863-72
In this work have been investigated the dielectric and vibrational properties of the ORMOSIL membranes based on PDMS and TEOS doped with MDS using the Di erential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), impedance, Raman and infrareds spectroscopy technics. Such membranes are hybrid organic-inorganic materials with potential application in PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell) and were doped with concentrations 0%(Pure Membrane), 5%, 10%, 20% e 30% of MDS. The thermal measurements were performed in the range from room temperature and 550 oC. The results showed that, after the MDS inclusion, the membranes absorb water. Besides, then thermal stability of the membranes decreased with the MDS inclusion. The dielectrics measurements were performed in temperature range of 313K-373K. The results showed that room temperature conductivity increases linearly with the frequency, until 353K, suggesting a hopping conduction and leaving this linear behavior above 353K. Besides, it was observed that conductivity doesn't increases linearly with MDS concentration, but increases until maximal value for 20% MDS concentration and decreases again for 30% MDS concentration de ning a synergetic e ect, which probably is associate with con gurational arrange of microcristallites MDS. Another feature of that membranes is a relaxation process visible in the electrical module graphics which appear just in doped membranes, being however, due to the MDS. The vibrational properties of hybrids membranes were obtained through Raman scattering and infrared. The results con rmed the presence of Si¡O¡Si, Si¡C, Si¡OH, C2H5, Si¡CH3, CH3, CH2, C¡H, S=O and S¡O groups. Where the S=O and S¡O groups are presents just in MDS compound. Consequently, their respective peaks appear only in the doped membrane spectra.
Simulações atomísticas em trifluoretos (REF3) e óxidos metálicos mistos (Re(TiTa)06) de terras-raras
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2006-02-22) Diniz, Eduardo Moraes; PASCHOAL, Carlos William de Araújo; 461.412.863-72
In this work static atomistic simulations were performed to investigate two systems: rare-earth trifluorides, REF3, with tysonite structure (RE = La, Ce, Pr and Nd) and rare-earth mixed metallic oxides, RE(TiTa)O6, with RE = Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Y, Er and Yb. In the rare-earth trifluorides was investigated the pressure induced structural phase transition identified by X-ray powder difraction in RE = La and Ce. The results shown that the crystalline structure is possibly tetragonal, in concordance with quantum mechanical calculations. For this, an interionic potential set that describes better the structural data of each compound and the physical observable was obtained. Besides, it was observed that critical pressure values were closed. The study involving the rare-earth mixed metallic oxides was focused in determining their bulk and structural properties. Thus, firstly a set of reliable interionic potentials was looked for to reproduce the crystalline structure and the physical observable, trough the investigation of three methodologies for obtaining interionic potentials, assuming the methodology that reproduces more reliable the dielectric constants. Furthermore, others bulk properties as lattice energy formation, elastic constants and bulk modulii were calculated. All then shown a rare-earth ionic radii dependence that revealed the morphotropic phase boundary between aeschynite and euxenite crystalline structures presented by these crystals.
Transições de fase em monocristais de Na2ThF6
(Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2008-05-20) Melo, Wanessa David Canêdo; PASCHOAL, Carlos William de Araújo; 461.412.863-72
In this work we have studied possible phase transitions in Na2ThF6 single crystals using Di erential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Raman and Impedance spectroscopies and static simulations. The polarized Raman spectroscopy measurements were performed in the temperature range from 10 K up to 770 K and DSC measurements from 298 K up to 823 K. The results indicate that the Na2ThF6 single crystal are structurally stable in the temperature ranging from 50 K up to 770 K. Below 50 K, a mode with A1 symmetry disappear indicating a possible phase transition. Besides, the bandwidth of the main Raman modes increases with the temperature showing a behavior like Ahrrenius with activation energies of 0,17 eV and 0,16 eV. The Impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed in the temperature range between 298K and 773K in the clivage (311) crystalline plane. The results indicate an increase in the ionic conductivity at high temperatures showing a conduction mechanism with activation energy of 0,28 eV. The imaginary part of the dielectric constant and conductivity present an anomaly at around 735 K, possibly associated to a superionic behavior. The static simulations were performed using the GULP code in the hydrostatic pressure range between room pressure and 20 GPa, showing that the z coordinate of the Na+ ion tends to value 1=2 at around 6 GPa, indicating a possible structural phase transition induced by hydrostatic pressure. The ferroic characteristic of this transition was de ned according to the changes observed for the piezoelectric and compliance tensors.

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